How often among people there are those who have at least once experienced pain or stiffness in the tendons. The cause of this could be injuries, sprains, or excessive stress. Discomfort also causes a disease called tendonitis, which results in inflammation of the tendon of the hand. The treatment of these processes requires a lot of patience and attention.
Anatomical features of the tendons of the brush
Tendons are part of an increased-density muscle that does not have elasticity. With their help, muscle tissue attaches to bone. In this regard, in case of violation of the integrity of the tendon, one of the functions of the hand may be lost. The flexors are located on the palm of a person, and their extensors are located on the back of the fingers. These tendons make it possible to clench a hand. With their help, a person is able to take any object.
In addition, each finger has 2 flexor tendons. One of them is located superficially. It is associated with the middle phalanx. At the same time, the second deep in the muscles is attached to the nail phalanges. The first has 2 legs, between which is a deep flexor. When it is damaged or broken, the end of the tendon is pulled up. And this can lead to difficulties in the process of treating injuries. In the case of extensors, the position of the tendon of the hand practically does not change, which greatly facilitates the work of doctors during operations.
Causes of tendonitis
Among the reasons that result in the development of tendon disease of the hand, the most common is a prolonged load. As a result, places where muscle attachment occurs are affected. As a rule, these diseases of the tendons of the hands most often occur in athletes or builders. Often those who constantly lift something heavy suffer. In addition, there are a number of circumstances in which problems with the tendons of the hands can also occur:
- Single or multiple joint injury.
- Bacterial infection of the tendon.
- Rheumatic joint disease.
- Spinal diseases.
- Anatomical disturbance in the structure of the joint.
- Various diseases affecting the endocrine system.
- Some diseases of the immune system.
- Congenital or acquired dysplasia of the joints of the hands.
- Neuropathy.
When an inflammatory process in the form of tendonitis occurs in the body, this is considered a normal reaction to irritation.
Symptoms of tendonitis
Most often, the symptoms appear depending on which area of the tendon of the hand has been damaged.
- At the site of the lesion, pain occurs. Often they are long-lasting. Pain can increase gradually or occur immediately. When palpating the site of inflammation, it is possible to detect the borders of the affected area of the tendon.
- Swelling appears in the affected area. This is due to an inflammatory reaction in which transudate and exudate are formed. These substances affect the change in the size and shape of the affected areas.
- There is hyperemia and redness of the tissues around the affected tendon.
- Body temperature rises.
- Sounds appear when moving the joint (clicking or creaking).
- There are problems with the normal functioning of the brush. Most often due to the fact that the joint cavity is filled with fluid. At the same time, the tendon itself hardens and contracts. The result may be a complete loss of ability to move the brush (ankylosis).
Types of tendonitis
Inflammatory processes can occur in tendons throughout the body. Depending on the location, several types of tendonitis are distinguished. Each of them has its own characteristics and individual symptoms:
- Lateral tendonitis. Inflammation covers the area on the outside of the elbow. Most often occurs in people involved in sports. Symptoms of this type of ailment are: loss of strength in the hand, a violation of its functionality. Tendonitis affects the flexion of the wrist. Pain is felt in the forearm.
- Medial. The tendons of the flexors of the forearm become inflamed . The localization of the focus is on the inside of the elbow.
- Shoulder tendinitis. Most often it happens due to a shoulder joint injury. If a tendon rupture occurs as a result of damage, urgent medical attention is needed.
- Achilles tendon tendonitis. When it occurs, the opportunity to stand on socks disappears or severe pain is felt, because of which it is impossible to do this.
- Tendonitis of the posterior tibia. Often, due to the appearance of this disease, flatfoot develops. When it appears, pain is felt while running and lifting weights.
- Hand tendon tendonitis . There is a difficulty in performing the usual actions. The diagnosis is made after a series of tests that help detect the disease.
Definition and treatment of tendonitis
Treatment of tendons of the hand first begins with an examination and identification of the causes of tendonitis. The diagnostic process is carried out in stages:
- Inspection At this stage, the doctor may detect visible abnormalities in the form of swelling or asymmetry at the site of injury.
- Conducting analyzes. This stage is necessary in order to identify the presence of inflammatory processes that may occur as a result of infection in open wounds.
- X-ray It is carried out in any case if the above symptoms were found.
- Ultrasound A study is being appointed to detect any change in the structure of the tendon tissue.
- In some cases, special orthopedic tests are used to help identify the localization of inflammatory processes.
Tendonitis with the timely start of treatment begins to recede within a few days, but a final recovery should be expected after 1-2 months.
Sprains and their types
Tensile tendons of the hand can have 3 degrees of severity, depending on the injuries received:
- 1st stage. Micro bursts appear in the tendons, which are characterized by minor pain and discomfort.
- 2nd stage. Partial ruptures result in edema. The brush becomes less mobile, and when you try to move it, there is a sharp pain.
- 3rd stage. The stretch of the tendons is so strong that it leads to rupture of the ligaments. It is accompanied by severe pain and joint instability.
Stretch Treatments
After receiving an injury, you may need to see a traumatologist who will prescribe treatment. The first measures to be taken in the event of a stretch are as follows:
- Fixing the brush in a stationary state.
- Applying a cold compress.
- Delivery of the victim to the hospital.
Depending on the degree of damage, as a treatment at the 3rd stage, either a plaster cast is used , or an operation is performed on the wrist. Tendons in this case are restored quite a long time. The first and second stages can be cured at home.
Tendon injuries
The most common are open tendon injuries that occur as a result of a cut or exposure to it by various mechanisms (for example, in the production of something). The main task of the injured person is to contact the hospital in a timely manner, as in order to maintain the functionality of the hand, first aid should be carried out within 24 hours after the injury. If the patient asked for help at the wrong time, then a delayed secondary suture is applied to the damaged tendons of the hands.
At home, the problem is eliminated by completely immobilizing the brush. In addition, various physiotherapy procedures are shown to the patient. In most cases, he is prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibacterial and restorative drugs.