The work program of the theater group according to GEF at school and in kindergarten

In modern pedagogy, the didactic orientation of classes is gradually replaced by a developing one. This should mean, first of all, that not only psychologists themselves, but also practical teachers begin to understand and see the real results of their educational and upbringing activities in shaping the child’s personality, developing his interests, creative potential and abilities.

Relevance of the issue

In the field of children's personality development, it is impossible to overestimate the importance of native speech. Language helps to consciously perceive the world surrounding each child. Native speech acts as a key means of communication. For the development of expressiveness of the language, it is necessary to create such conditions in which each child will be given the opportunity to show their own emotions, desires, feelings, views. This should be ensured not only at the level of ordinary communication, but also within the framework of public speaking.

Work program "Theater Circle" (according to GEF)

The habit of expressive public speech can be developed in a person, from an early age introducing him to performances in front of an audience. Great help in the implementation of this task is provided by theatrical classes. Children are always enthusiastic about them, they love to visit them. The work program of a theater group in a school or a preschool educational institution is focused on the formation and improvement of social behavior skills. This is achieved due to the fact that each work has a certain moral orientation. So, in fairy tales, stories, plays, the problem of good and evil, courage and cowardice, honesty and lies is solved. Thanks to such works, the child not only perceives the world around him with his mind, but also passes events through his heart. At the same time, he not only learns, but also expresses his attitude to problems. The work program of the theater group at the school is designed to continue the work that was begun at the DOE. The main goal of the latter is the development of the abilities of each child using the means of staging art.

Tasks

What problems does the theater group in kindergarten solve? The program sets tasks for:

1. The formation of conditions for the development of the creative potential of each participant in staging.
2. Improvement of artistic skills in terms of experiencing and translating images, performing skills of children.
3. The formation of the simplest figurative and expressive skills, learning to imitate fabulous animals.
4. Enhancing vocabulary, improving the sound culture of speech, intonation, dialogue skills.
5. Teaching the elements of expressive means of the artistic-figurative type (facial expressions, intonation, pantomime).
6. Formation of experience of social behavioral skills.
7. Familiarizing children with different types of theater (musical, puppet, etc.).
8. The development of interest in staging and gaming activities.

These are the main tasks that a theater group in a kindergarten should solve. The program sets the duration of classes at 20 minutes.

Sections

The program of the theater group on GEF is drawn up taking into account intersubject communications. It provides for the following sections:

1. Musical education. In the classroom, children learn to recognize the emotional state in music and convey it with facial expressions, movements, gestures. They note the different nature of the content of the works, which allows you to better understand and evaluate the behavior of the hero and his image.
2. Art. At such classes, familiarization with reproductions of paintings that are close to the content of the production takes place.
3. Speech development. The program of the circle (theatrical) pays special attention to the formation of a clear, clear diction. In the classroom, work is carried out with an articulation apparatus. To this end, participants are offered nursery rhymes, tongue twisters, and tongue twisters.
4. Acquaintance with artwork. The program of the circle (theatrical) includes a review of the literature, which acts as the basis of the production. In the classroom, the features of behavior, character, and the image of heroes are understood.
5. Acquaintance with the environment. Within the circle, children learn about the phenomena of public life. They get acquainted with the objects of their immediate environment, nature.
6. Choreography. Through dance movements, participants in future productions learn to convey the character and image of the hero.

Content

The program of the children's theater club includes:

1. Basics of puppeteering.
2. Theatrical alphabet.
3. Basic principles of puppet theater.
4. Holidays.
5. Basics of acting skills.
6. Independent theatrical activities.
7. Conducting entertainment and leisure.
8. The basic principles of dramatization.
   

Training requirements

The program of the theater circle (according to the Federal State Educational Standard) suggests that following the results of classes the child will be able to:

1. Interested in engaging in game production.
2. To play simple representations according to literary works and plots known to him using expressive figurative means (gestures, facial expressions, intonations).
3. Engage in toys staged independently made of different materials.
4. Speaking to children and parents with stage plays.
5. Represent answers to riddles using expressive means.

Acquired knowledge

The program of theatrical circle (according to GEF) should contribute to the education of the child in a playful way. He must know:

1. Some manipulations and techniques that can be used on stage. In particular, in puppet plays it is a plastic, soft, rubber toy and so on.
2. Some types of theaters.

Introduction to staging

The work program for the theater circle includes classes that contribute to the development of the sensual world of a person, communication skills. Performances develop the ability to empathize. The first introduction to theatrical activity takes place in the early years. In the younger groups, the kids participate in round dances, games, fun, listen to the expressive reading of fairy tales and poems of adults. In this case, it is necessary to use various opportunities to beat an event. This awakens the child’s imagination. So, for example, the teacher on a walk can draw the attention of children to a crow sitting on a branch. He says that a bird has flown in and greets the guys. The teacher offers the children to answer the crow, to shout, like her, to depict her flight.

View productions

The program of the theater group in elementary school includes several complicated classes. During them, the guys learn to speak to the public. These performances show the kids, which, in turn, is also one of the forms of familiarizing the latter with art. In ordinary life, you can use various puppet theaters (finger, shadow, table and others). It is advisable to include simple toys in the productions of famous fairy tales. The program of the theater club at the school includes performances in which actors can attract spectators. It's hard for kids to pronounce whole roles. But they can successfully speak some individual phrases, supplementing them with gestures. For example, when setting up the fairy tale "Turnip", the guys can depict how they pull it, and in the performance of "Little Ryaba hens" - how the grandfather and grandmother cry over a broken egg, how the mouse ran and waved its tail.

The program of the theater club at the school may include the staging of such performances in which the kids not only play such short roles themselves, but also perform with puppet characters. Acting together with the older children, they learn to understand and then use sign language, facial expressions, improve their speech, where the key elements are intonation and emotional coloring. Equally important is the very desire of the child to take part in the production. In the process of dramatization, embodied in one way or another, the kids learn the alphabet of relationships. Events, which include the program of the circle (theatrical), contribute to the sensual development of the child, form his ideas about good and negative human qualities.

Game Feature

This form of learning acts as the most accessible and entertaining way of understanding, expressing impressions and emotions for the child. Role-playing games contribute to the development of the rules and laws by which adults live. The program for the theater circle in elementary school involves the use of improvised productions. In them, the child himself or the doll has its own props, clothes, furniture, toys, etc. Participants in the production can visit different roles - as a decorator, actor, musician, poet, director, and so on. It is noted that all children play roles in their own way. However, in all cases, by their actions they copy the behavior of adults. In this regard, in the preschool educational institution the program of the circle (theatrical) should be emphasized on special types of staging activities. They should contribute to the formation of the correct model of behavior in modern living conditions, improve the culture of the child, familiarize him with literary, musical, artistic works, traditions, etiquette.

Distinctive features of the productions

There are role-playing and theatrical games. There is an important difference between these forms of staging. Role-playing games involve the staging of life phenomena, and theatrical ones - events taken from literature. A feature of the latter lies in the artistic or folklore basis of the content and the presence of spectators. For a theatrical production, the doll, the subject, the action itself, the costume are very important. All these elements simplify the perception of the role of the child. The image of the hero, the main features of his behavior, feelings, experiences are determined by the content of the literary work. Children's creativity is manifested in a true interpretation of the character's character. To do this, you need to understand the hero, analyze his actions, feelings, evaluate his condition. This will largely depend on the experience of the child. The more diverse his impressions of the environment, the richer will be his imagination, the better the ability to feel and think.

Organization Forms

How will the theater club work at school? The GEF program focuses on the fact that when organizing activities, choosing material for performances, one should first of all start from the age-related capabilities, skills, and knowledge of the child. It is necessary to contribute to the enrichment of his experience, to arouse interest in knowledge, to expand his creative potential. The program for a theater group at a school or preschool provides the following forms of organization:

• Joint staging activities. It involves the involvement in the process of both adults and children of different ages.
• Theatrical games on holidays, a visit to the puppet museum, acting classes.
• Independent staging, a game in everyday life.
• Mini-performances in other classes, visiting theaters with parents, small scenes with dolls, attracting a bright character (Petrushka, for example) in the process of solving cognitive problems.
  

Junior group

The work program of the theater club for children 2-3 years old focuses on playing with dolls, staging small stories. During classes, work should be aimed at developing the ability to express emotions in motor images to music. Here, the educator acts mainly as an actor. He shows mini-plays in a table theater, using separate toys, conveys with his intonation a palette of character experiences. In this case, the movements of the heroes must differ in mood and character. The performances should not take place at a fast pace, but the action should be short-lived. To eliminate stiffness, it is advisable to conduct small studies with the kids. For example, "The sun is setting," "The sun is rising." In such studies, emotions are conveyed by words and music (the movement of the melody is carried out up and down). These settings encourage kids to perform appropriate movements.

Middle group

The program of the theater club at the next age stage gradually introduces new areas of games. So, the child moves from staging "for himself" to performances in front of the audience. If earlier he participated in games where the process itself was of importance, now the result is also gaining importance. The theater club program introduces games in a group of 5-7 peers who play different roles. In productions, from a simple image, children go on to realize a more holistic view of the hero, his emotions, mood, and their changes. As a result, interest in games is expanding, deepening. Children begin to combine text and movement, develop a sense of partnership, use the pantomime of 2-4 characters. The expansion of gaming experience is carried out through the development of the basics of dramatization.

The basic techniques of cognition

In work, the teacher uses:

1. Games with multiple characters. The texts of fairy tales about animals and magic are staged ("Geese-swans", for example).
2. Games based on the stories "Adult Labor".
3. Performances of plays on literary works.

The playful sketches of the improvisational and reproductive type ("Guess what I do") are the content basis. Such exercises have a positive effect on the formation of the mental qualities of the child. During the reincarnation, the emotional sphere is improved. Children begin to quickly respond to changes in musical characteristics within a given image, imitating new heroes. The teacher needs to encourage the desire to come up with their own techniques for translating what was intended, to act in accordance with their own understanding of the essence of the work.

Senior group

At this age stage, the improvement of children's performance skills continues, and the sense of partnership is improved. The teacher conducts walks, monitors environmental events, animals, passers-by with the children. Develop imagination allow various tasks. For example, children are invited to imagine the sea, the coast, the sun, as everyone lies on the sand and sunbathe. In the process of creating a free and relaxed atmosphere, it is necessary to promote the awakening of fantasy, improvisation, and writing. For example, children can finish a story in their own way, come up with new events, introduce other characters. In the process of training, pantomic and facial expressions, scenes aimed at developing memory are used. Children participate in the design of fairy tales.

Preparatory group

At this stage, children begin to be very actively interested in theatrical activities as a form of art. They are beginning to be interested in stories about the history of the production, the internal arrangement of rooms for the audience, the features of the work of actors, make-up artists, and the specifics of rehearsals. Preschoolers are explained the rules of conduct in the theater. The guys assimilate them and try not to disturb when visiting the performances. To prepare for the exit to the theater will help special quizzes, games, conversations. All this contributes to the accumulation of live impressions, mastery of the skills of their understanding, as well as aesthetic perception.

Knowledge check

Of no small importance in the preparatory group is not only the preparation and direct dramatization of the plots, but also the subsequent work. The teacher finds out how well the children have mastered the content of the played and perceived performance. This is carried out in the framework of special conversations, where an opinion is expressed about the play, the actions of the characters are characterized, their emotions are evaluated, expressive means are analyzed. To determine the degree of assimilation, it is effective to use the associative method. For example, in separate classes, children recall the plot of the production accompanied by musical works that sounded during it, use the same attributes that were on the stage. When you turn to the stage again, memorization and understanding of the content improves, emphasis is placed on the features of expressive means, children again experience previously experienced feelings.

Conclusion

At preschool age, children get few ready-made stories. They strive to invent something new. To do this, create the appropriate conditions. In particular, the educator should:

• To orient children on the creation of do-it-yourself crafts for the board director's theatrical game.
• To acquaint children with interesting stories that will contribute to the formation of their own design.
• Provide children with the opportunity to realize their ideas in drawing, singing, movement.
• Show your creativity and initiative as an example to follow.

To improve the individual elements of intonation, movements, you can use special gymnastics. Children can do exercises on their own. For example, someone invents and sets an image, which is accompanied by a pose, gesture, facial expression, word. The work in this case is based on the model: reading-conversation-execution-analysis of expressiveness. The main thing here is to provide children with more freedom in imagination and in action when simulating movements.