Reading at school is not so much a subject of study as a means of teaching all other subjects of the curriculum. Therefore, one of the main tasks facing the primary school teacher is to teach children consciously, fluently, read correctly, work with text and develop the need for independent reading of books.
Reading skill includes the technical and semantic side of reading.
The reading technique consists of the following components: method, correctness and pace. The semantic side includes: expressiveness and reading comprehension. One of the urgent problems in primary school is the problem of assessing and controlling the level of formation of all the basic reading parameters.
Reading Technique: Verification Conditions in Elementary Classes
1. Implementation of verification of the reading technique of the child in a calm and familiar environment.
2. In this case, the child should sit at the desk at a distance of one and a half to two meters from the inspector.
3. The child should read the first few sentences or three or four lines of text without regard to time. This will give him the opportunity to "read" the text.
4. Text requirements:
- lack of incomprehensible, unfamiliar words;
- content available to students;
- the font corresponding to the font of textbooks for primary classes.
5. When determining the number of words read per minute, conjunctions, prepositions, parts of words carried from line to line, parts of a word written with a hyphen containing more than three to four letters are considered as “separate words”. For example, “quietly-quietly” should be counted as two different words, and “firebird” as one, since in the first part of this word there are only 3 letters.
6. A check of understanding the content of the read text is carried out on 2-3 questions. For these purposes, one should not ask to retell the text, since retelling is an indicator of the development of a student’s connected speech, and not reading skills.
Reading technique (1 class).
According to the official programmatic requirement, first graders must read 25-30 words per minute. And by the end of the year they should have mastered the syllabic smooth reading without errors, i.e. without replacements, omissions, repetitions of words, syllables, letters, with the correct stress. At the same time, students should read short words in their entirety, and long ones in syllables. In addition, after reading, you need to evaluate the understanding of what you read on the issues.
Reading Technique (Grade 2).
Second-graders, according to the program, should read 40 words at the end of the first half of the year, and 50 words per minute at the end of the school year. Evaluation criteria are the same: correctness, understanding, expressiveness. The way to read the text is in whole words. Words consisting of four to five syllables or more can be read in syllables.
Reading Technique (Grade 3).
Students in grade 3 should read 60 words at the end of the first half of the year, and 75 words per minute at the end of the school year. Evaluation criteria are the same. The way to read the text is in whole words.
Reading technique (4th grade).
Students of the fourth grade, according to the program, should read 70-80 words at the end of the first half of the year, and 85-95 words per minute at the end of the school year.
The reading technique is being improved from class to class. To make this process interesting and effective, teachers and parents need to use a variety of exercises.