The two main concepts of social science - man and society, have always been inseparable, and not only for this discipline. They historically arose simultaneously, giving rise to each other. In other words, people got the right to be so called when they consciously began to live together. At the moment, the subject of the study of anthropogenesis (part of evolution, which relates to the formation of man as a species) is both biological factors, and social prerequisites and the process of the emergence and development of society - sociogenesis.
The biosocial nature of man
Man lives in society - this is one of the key signs of his biosocial nature, a fundamental difference from animals, in addition to upright posture, consciousness, and, as a consequence, speech, and, most importantly, labor. It was with the consideration of the labor phenomenon that philosophers of the century before last, for example F. Engels and K. Marx, began to talk about the fact that human nature is biosocial. They laid the whole scientific concept uniting two concepts - a biological type of the person and society, which he builds with his labor.
Newborns are born completely dependent on their parents in all areas of their lives. And this people are not much different from animals. Although the period of growing up of children in humans is the longest among other biological species, not a single cub survives without older individuals. But the adult continues to strive to be part of the community. Firstly, to jointly satisfy their physiological needs. But most importantly, social science unites man and society because for people the company of their own kind is important in spiritual terms. At all times, one of the most terrible tortures was a solitary confinement, driving anyone crazy. And the suffering of people lost on uninhabited islands, the beloved heroes of adventure novels, is by no means an invention.
Community Institutions
These are communities united by occupation that respond to the specific social and physiological needs of individuals. And again there is a synergy of man and society. Social science identifies five areas of activity of such institutions.
Spiritual and religious.
Political.
The economic.
Cultural, which includes education and science.
Social (including family and marriage).
They meet the diverse needs of each individual - from basic (food, sleep, security) to spiritual. But you can only take care of these needs together.
What society expects from a person
Social science operates with the basic unit - the person, and their totality - the social system. As in any system, it has its own laws of interaction between parts and levels. And never society can consist of one person. And he, in turn, cannot live alone, as he pleases.
Any interaction of the elements and levels of any system is subject to certain rules, otherwise, destruction and chaos await it. Social norms of behavior are divided into:
Legal.
Spiritual and moral.
Religious
Traditional.
Everyone must abide by these rules, for the sake of freedom to create and choose their destiny, relying on the joint satisfaction of basic needs. After all, humanity has long realized that together in any field people can achieve more.
Post-industrial society
At the moment, humanity is building a post-industrial society:
The main area of work is services and sales.
Most of the production is automated through computer technology.
Information is the main value, therefore, the tools of its transmission influence to a large extent on society: social networks, the media, the Internet.
Human personality and happiness are given the utmost importance. In accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, in general, the very life of every citizen is the main value.
Social mobility of members of society. Everyone can change their social status at any time.
Scientists continue to study the biosocial phenomenon of the synergy of man and society, and the world that they created together.