The largest river in the Chelyabinsk region is considered to be the Miass River. It is the main water artery of the Southern Urals. Its source is considered to be the key located in Bashkorstostan on the ridge of Big Nurali. It flows through the city of Miass, Argayash, Sosnovsky and Krasnoarmeysky areas, Chelyabinsk.
Description
The Miass River has a total length of 658 km, and 384 km within the borders of the Chelyabinsk Region. The water stream has several relatively large tributaries, all of which occupy no more than 800 km. The largest of them are Zyuzelga, Bilgilda, Bishkil, Atlyan, Kushtumga, Upper Iremen, Big Kialim. There are more than 2 thousand small lakes in the Miass catchment. It occupies about 19 thousand km2. The source of the Miass River is located near the Chelyabinsk region, in Bashkiria.
The banks on different parts of the river are different from each other. Firstly, by vegetation. In the upper reaches of the river you can only meet pine, but on average - aspen and birch. Secondly, relief. Hilly shores are located in the middle reaches of the river, in the upper reaches rocky ridges, rapids and waterfalls are most often found. This factor also affects the characteristics of the river: depth, flow velocity, ice and temperature conditions. In the reaches, the depth reaches 7 m, while in the rifts it does not exceed 30 cm. The current velocity is also different. It can range from 2 to 0.1 m / s. In the center of Chelyabinsk, the course is especially "lazy" due to the fact that the riverbed was increased artificially.
It has more than 70 islands that are very different from each other. There are granite, sandy, overgrown with plants or, conversely, without them. The Miass River has a winding channel. It eats thanks to the melting of snows, therefore, in the spring flood, the water level in it rises record high. Reservoirs, ponds and lakes - all this has the Miass River. Where it flows, you can trace on the map. The mouth of the water stream is Iset, the left tributary of the Tobol River.
Toponymy
At the moment, it is not known from which word the modern name of the water stream was formed. There are three versions that are not yet possible to refute or confirm. Vladimir Pozdeev, a successful local historian in Chelyabinsk, argues that the Miass River got its name from the word "mis", in the Pashto language meaning "copper", and "as" - "river". That is, the "copper river". Others believe that one should look for roots in the Turkic language. The word “Miya” means “swamp”, and “su” means water. Still others say that the name of the river is so old and related to the ancient Turkic time that it is impossible to find out the meaning of the word.
An interesting fact is that earlier the Miass River was called Miyas.
Minerals
Some sources say that the areas around the river are rich in gold. Indirect evidence is the remaining traces of gold mining. Minerals such as sands, tripoli, chromites, and clays are also found here. Occasionally, deposits of gravel or pebbles can be found.
In the Lower Miass area, the existence of deposits from some natural materials was recorded. Their thickness reaches 200 m. This can be explained by the fact that the entire eastern Urals was supposedly flooded by the Tertiary Sea, which existed for a fairly long time, during which such large strata of fossils managed to form. Teeth of large fish, presumably sharks, were immediately found in clay. Their sizes and appearance vary. This suggests that different types of fish lived in the sea: from small to largest.
Nature
The upper reaches of the river are rich in pines and larches, and the wet slopes are rich in bird cherry, currant, and other types of shrubs. Forbs can be found on the glades. But on the slopes of the mountains grow strawberries, strawberries, raspberries and cherries.
Pine forests, for which the Miass River (photo below) creates a favorable climate, do not resemble the Siberian taiga, on the contrary. The trees are dry, grow in a chaotic manner, which guarantees good cross.
Near the Bayramgulova village, where the river flows, a birch grove grows, which has survived to this day. After some distance, it is replaced by a thin strip of pine forest. Another boron can be found near Iset. Due to the lack of a railway, it is used mainly for local needs.
Caves and canyon
For several million years the stubborn Miass has drilled a huge canyon. In the area of the river bed there are also rocks, the height of which reaches 20 m. In addition, there are arches, grottoes, funnels and caves. The first arch of the canyon was found in 1960, the second was opened much later. Scientists believe that, most likely, earlier they were connected into one giant cave. Such a variety of terrain gives the river a character, and the surrounding landscape captivates the views.
In the upper part of the canyon is a cave-well, which has two exits. The first is located under the shore, and the other is vertical. At the moment, this plot of land is considered the richest rare plant, the predominant part of which is listed in the Red Book.
Due to the fact that the Miass River occupies a large area, various species of fish live in certain areas. For example, in the Sosnovsky site there is a high probability of catching pike, pike perch, burbot, chebak, bream, perch, carp, crucian carp. In other areas, these fish are also found, but less frequently. In the city you can successfully go fishing for pike.