The East of Russia is part of the Russian Federation, including river basins that flow into the Pacific Ocean, the Kuril, Shantar and Commander Islands, about. Sakhalin, about. Wrangel. The population of the territory - 6.3 million people - about 5% of all residents of the country. A map of the East of Russia with cities will be given below.
General information
The east of Russia (the cities belonging to this region of the country will be given later) is considered the most depopulating part of the state. Here, from 1991 to 2010, there was a decrease in the population by 1.8 million. The growth rate is 4.1. The area of this region is more than 6100 thousand square meters. km (about 36% of the entire territory of the Russian Federation). Historically and geographically, according to migration activity, the Trans-Baikal region is often referred to the Far Eastern Federal District. Major cities of the Russian Far East: Vladivostok, Yakutsk, Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Magadan, Ussuriysk. The region administratively includes nine entities. The easternmost city of Russia is Anadyr. Read more about this village later in the article.
Anadyr. History reference
The easternmost city of Russia began to develop in 1889. Then Leo Grinevetsky, carrying out the decree of the tsarist government, laid Novo-Mariinsk in the mouth of the river. Cossack. The construction of the city was carried out rather slowly. Private and state trading warehouses expanded mainly. In 1914, a long-wave radio station was built here - at that time one of the most powerful in the country.
After the revolution, Soviet power was established in Novo-Mariinsk only by 1924. In the same period, on the basis of the decision of the Kamchatka Provincial Committee, the modern name of this settlement was already approved. It became known as Anadyr. By 1927, the easternmost city of Russia became the administrative center of the district, and three years later - the Chukotka District.
The development of Anadyr
A major impetus to the development of the settlement was the construction of a large port on the estuary. By 1963 on the river. A dam was built for the Cossack, which made it possible to carry out a water supply to Anadyr. In 1965, the settlement officially received city status. The first regular non-stop flight Il-62 from Moscow was carried out in 1984. In 2004, the easternmost city of Russia was endowed with the status of a okrug; it included the Tavayvaam settlement. The distance from Anadyr to Moscow is 6200 km.
Short description
The easternmost city of Russia lives on coal and gold mining and fishing. In addition, the largest wind farm in the country, the Anadyr Wind Farm, operates here. Residents are also engaged in reindeer husbandry, hunting. The streets are built up with panel and block five-story buildings and Khrushchev. Most structures were erected on stilts.
On the territory of the city there is an observation deck. It is located near the monument to St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. From the observation deck offers a beautiful view of the estuary. Locals even joke that in good weather you can see Alaska from there. The city also has a local history museum of the heritage of the Chukotka region. Every year in Anadyr, a Korfest is held - the so-called smelt festival. Amateur fishermen compete in catching this fish.
Transport connection
Anadyr seaport is considered the largest in the region. Thanks to him, such cities of the Far East of Russia as Magadan, Vladivostok, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and others communicate with each other. The production capacities of the port allow processing up to one million tons of various cargo. Navigation lasts four months (from early July to early November).
In the village of Ugolnye Kopi, on the other side of the estuary, Anadyr Airport is located. Communication with the city is via helicopter flights. Also during winter, an ice crossing is open, in the summer small boats and boats run. Anadyr airport has an international status. Flights are carried out to Khabarovsk and Moscow, to all settlements of Chukotka.
Due to the harsh climate, roads in the city have concrete pavement. There is a federal highway A384 between the airport and Anadyr. Its length is 23 kilometers. Part of the route is a winter road along the ice cover of the estuary. In 2012, the construction of the P-504 highway began to ensure the year-round transport connection of Anadyr and the road network of the Far East. It connects the regional center, Omsukchan, Omolon. Despite the status, suggesting the scale of the territory, the city can be passed from end to end in forty minutes.
Climatic conditions
The proximity of the bay has a significant impact on the weather in Anadyr. Monsoons prevail here, for late autumn floods are characteristic. In 2001, the lowest temperature was observed - about minus 40 degrees. Climatic conditions also affect the plant world. The flora of the easternmost city is not very rich. But at the same time, many birds can be found on the territory of the district. Among them are not only those who live here permanently, but also those who fly for the winter (polar owls, partridges, magpies). The animal world is represented by fur animals, mainly. Here you can meet foxes, ermines, brown bears. However, the animal "Evrashka" is especially popular. These gophers are not afraid of people and can be completely tame.
Conclusion
The east of Russia has important geostrategic and geopolitical significance for the state. The region has access to the Arctic and Pacific Oceans, it borders with the DPRK, Japan, the USA and China. Enormous natural resources are concentrated in the East of Russia. For example, about one third of all coal and hydraulic reserves are located on the territory. Deposits of prometallic, copper ores, platinum, silver and gold are also found here. Given the above, according to many analysts, population migration in the Far Eastern Federal District is very promising. In addition, the territory of the eastern part of the country is considered underdeveloped.
There is a fairly low population density. As mentioned above, the region is considered depopulating. Despite the vast territory, the population here does not increase, but rather decreases. This is primarily due to the migration outflow of residents. President Putin noted that it is necessary to take active steps to develop the Far East.
Of particular importance in this process is economic cooperation with bordering states. Active interaction is carried out with China. The prospect of cooperation with Japan, one of the most economically developed countries in the world, in need of natural resources and new platforms for the sale of its products, is also being considered. Thanks to this interaction, more active development of the Far Eastern territories may begin.