Physical education in schools is a subject that contributes to the formation of a healthy generation. The state is interested in ensuring that children are not only intellectually developed, but also have excellent immunity. The standards in the school for physical education are the requirements of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Classification
There is a division of them into five types for the formation of certain physical qualities:
- strength;
- stamina;
- flexibility;
- Agility
- coordination
Physical education in schools contributes to the full development of the child.
Interesting Facts
After the standards are passed to the students, grades are received, they are transferred to the centers of statistical information processing. After averaging the information, a picture of the compliance of students of all classes with the requirements of the proposed program is formed. Then physical education in primary school is adjusted in the direction of complication or simplification. Physiologists track the periods of maximum physical development of children, summarize information. The standards imply not just an assessment, but a whole chain of different data, therefore they are of interest not only for physical education teachers, but also for various specialists.
Organization Features
They are designed for children with a major health group. Students from the preparatory group surrender only those standards that do not fall into contraindications. A special group involves the release of the child from passing standards. For such children, physical education in schools is carried out according to special programs.
In spring and autumn, classes are held at the school stadium, in winter (in addition to ski training), the children practice in the gym. All rooms in which classes are held must comply with certain standards: take into account the number of students, the number of showers and locker rooms, the height of the ceilings, ventilation and heating systems, a variety of sports equipment.
Physical education in schools is also associated with physical education, organized in all classes of educational institutions. Their main purpose is to relieve tension in students during training sessions.
Primary School
How are classes organized for children in grades 1-4? Physical education in elementary school according to GEF involves the harmonious development of dexterity, body, coordination of movements. The following important skills are taught at this time:
- the right combination of movement with breathing;
- high and long jump skills;
- the basics of sports and team games;
- throwing the ball into the goal;
- throwing and catching the ball;
- ski training basics;
- the basics of swimming.
It is at this age that the motor activity of children is of particular importance. The harmonious appearance of the figure for puberty directly depends on the development of the body.
Middle and senior level of training
Physical education in high school is carried out three times a week. Many teenagers are not limited to school lessons, attend sections, engage in sports clubs. To instill cognitive interest in the younger generation to a healthy lifestyle, physical education teachers try to celebrate even the most minor successes of their students, offer them participation in competitions. This contributes to the self-realization of students, instilling in them a positive attitude towards sports.
Physiotherapy
In ordinary secondary schools, this option of improving the younger generation is rarely used. In most educational institutions for physical therapy classes, only elective classes are distinguished. Children with substandard mental and physical health are basically just exempted from the usual physical education lessons, despite the fact that they need special training. LFK is one of the areas of teachers' work, undeservedly removed from ordinary schools.
Contemporary issues
Despite the fact that physical education lessons in general educational institutions are aimed at improving the spiritual and physical health of the younger generation, teachers often have various difficulties. This is primarily due to the lack of showers and lounges, that is, conditions for normal sports for children.
Also, quite often during the performance of various exercises, children receive injuries of varying severity. Many teachers give marks not for physical skills, but for their presence in the lesson, so as not to “spoil” the average mark in the certificate. All this negatively affects the attitude of children to physical education lessons, leading to the reluctance of students to play sports.
Features of standards
When setting standards, the age of the children is taken into account. Each level of training has its own indicators, according to which the teacher of physical education evaluates the results of his students.
For example, boys of the 1st grade should run to the “5” mark of 50 meters in 6.1 seconds, girls in 6.6 seconds.
In winter, in order to get “excellent” when skiing for 1 km, boys must keep within 8.3, girls in 9 minutes.
For students in grade 3, a number of standards are added. For example, in a minute, boys must jump the rope 80 times, girls - 90, in order to count on the mark “excellent”. At this age, there is a norm for lifting the torso from a supine position. For boys, “5” is set at 25 times (per minute), for girls at 20 rises in 1 minute. Children of the 3rd grade should crouch: boys - 42 times, girls - 40 times.
With age, the number of standards that students must pass in physical education lessons increases significantly.
In order to reduce the risk of childhood injuries during the game of basketball, volleyball, the teacher conducts special introductory briefings. He devotes particular attention to the warm-up. A set of special exercises, selected individually for each class, helps prepare children for passing standards, reduces the risk of serious physical injuries for schoolchildren.
The establishment of certain requirements that modern children must comply with is not a whim of a teacher, it is the requirements of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.