This article presents material for students in grade 3, the world around them is provided in the form of simplified ecosystem models. Also considered the concept of society of people, its structure and significance in the life of each person. Simple examples are used to explain the world around us. This is the main task of this material.
The concept of ecosystems
In order for a 3rd grade student to better understand what planet Earth is, it is necessary to clearly demonstrate the model of the globe. Our planet has an outer shell called the atmosphere. All living organisms on Earth breathe atmospheric air. The atmosphere protects the Earth from overheating, from cosmic rays.
The earth has a water shell - this is the hydrosphere. The hydrosphere is formed by underwater, rivers, seas, oceans of the globe.
The lithosphere forms the solid shell of the Earth. Land, mountains, land belong to the lithosphere.
All living organisms that live on Earth live in the biosphere. The biosphere is on the border of all other three spheres.
All living organisms on Earth live in air, water and terrestrial environments. In order for the cycle of substances in nature to not stop, all living organisms can not do without each other. All organisms by function (or else you can compare the functions of organisms with professions) are divided into producers, consumers and destroyers. Producers are plants and trees, consumers are basically all animals, but bacteria, fungi and worms are among the destroyers. Producers, consumers, and destroyers cannot live on Earth without air, water, soil, and rocks. Therefore, we can divide all of the above elements into two large groups: living and non-living nature. Thus, it is possible to imagine the world around us - this is living and inanimate nature.
The concept of society. Its structure
For a 3rd grade student, to define the concept of society, one should cite his own family as an example, which (for the most part) consists of members: father, mother, grandmother, grandfather, brothers, sisters. The family (group of people) is the elementary or basic unit of society. All members of society interact with each other. Thus, also society is the world around it. The whole society rests on four components. These components are parliament, hospital, church, prison. The world around is a certain structure that was formed in ancient times, and its foundation has been preserved to this day.
Concept of economics
Let's highlight the things that a person needs to live. Such things are called needs. What can we attribute to human needs? This is the need for food, rest, clothing, work, health, transport, and safety. This list can be continued for a long time. The needs of mankind are different in purpose and meaning.
Needs can be cognitive (theater, books, television), physiological (hunger, sleep), material (apartment, computer, car, cottage). Nature gives us a lot - this is the heat of the sun, air, water, the harvest of the earth. And love, communication, friendship are all we receive, communicating with each other. And all material wealth - this is something that cannot be in nature (houses, cars, clothes) - gives us the economy. Translated from the Greek language - "housekeeping." Here in such a simple explanation for students in grade 3, the world around them will look simple and clear.
Conclusion
In conclusion, I would like to say that, despite the scale and complexity, the world around is a rather fragile structure, to appreciate and, most importantly, protect it for future generations is the main task of adults in front of children. But at the same time, at the stage of training for the younger generation, it is necessary to form an appropriate system of values.