Since primitive times, people have left behind a lot of different wastes. In the process of the development of civilization, they became increasingly dangerous for both man and nature. Now all the waste of our life according to the degree of danger is divided into types and classes.
Waste hazard class h
Depends on their type. Waste can be household or chemical. Domestic, or MSW, are also divided into safe and dangerous. Safe solid waste is considered paper or cardboard, wood, metals, textiles, rubber, glass and plastics, as well as food waste. Dangerous MSW include broken equipment and medical devices that contain acid or mercury, as well as expired drugs and fertilizers. It is such waste that has a hazard class.
Dangerous MSW are divided into five categories or classes. The most harmless belong to the first class. The fifth class includes waste that pollutes water and air the most. The list of such wastes contains mercury from broken thermometers and burned out energy-saving light bulbs, the remains of paintwork from
Delium, acid from broken batteries or accumulators, and unsuitable medicines. Outdated tires and other wastes are allocated to the rest of the classes. Hazard class No. 5 means that special methods of disposal are applied to the substances that enter it.
The main hazard associated with solid waste is landfills. Even relatively safe waste dumped in a pile will harm the environment. The only way to save nature from waste having any hazard class is to dispose of it correctly. Ideally, all household waste should be disposed of in separate containers and recycled as recyclable materials. Another method of disposal - burning - is very harmful, because the carbon dioxide and dioxin contained in the smoke poison the atmosphere and corrode the ozone layer.
Chemicals are also categorized. The hazard class of chemicals depends on the size of the lesion, and, of course, on the damage that these substances cause to nature. Traditionally, chemicals have a four-class division, in which the most dangerous chemistry belongs to the first class. However, there are other classification systems. So, S. D. Zagolgonikov in 1967
m developed a system that
classifies poisons. The chemicals in it are distributed according to the concentration and size of the lethal dose. There is also a system that divides poisons according to industrial applications into agricultural, medical, domestic, biological and military. Separate toxic chemistry and the effects on the body. According to this system, there are poisons nerve, liver, kidney, blood, gastrointestinal and pulmonary. Military doctors divide toxic substances by tactical effect.
Despite the type and class of hazard, any waste is harmful to nature, thereby undermining our health. Mankind runs the risk of completely destroying the ecology of the planet if it does not learn in time and correctly dispose of hazardous substances.