Ivan Alekseevich has always been distinguished by vivid lyrical descriptions of his native nature. In it, so simple and at the same time immense, the poet saw the essence of all human life. Watching the passage of time, how the seasons change, how it rains or the snow gently falls, we pay tribute to the splendor of nature. All our life troubles temporarily fade into the background. It is through nature that one can convey the deepest thoughts.
Poem dating
Before you begin the analysis of the poem "Listopad" by Bunin, it is necessary to say a few words about when it was created and published. The work of Ivan Alekseevich Bunin that interests us belongs to the early period of his work. It was written in August 1900, when the poet was 30 years old. And in October of that year, the work was published in the St. Petersburg magazine "Life" with the subtitle "Autumn Poem" and a dedication to Maxim Gorky. This verse by Ivan Alekseevich gave the name to the first poetic collection of this author, which appeared in 1901. The collection "Listopad" was awarded the Pushkin Prize (in 1903). Until the end of his life, he cherished Bunin's work of interest to us.
"Leaf fall" is a poem, the analysis of which reveals many interesting features hidden in it. In the same way, the author himself finds in autumn that which is opened only to an attentive gaze.
Theme of the poem
To begin the analysis of the poem "Listopad" Bunin follows with the definition of the topic. This work belongs to landscape lyrics. His theme is a description of the autumn nature. The author, observing how it changes, reflects on the course of human life. These thoughts introduce philosophical motives into the poem.
Building and rhyming
The true master of composition is Bunin. "Leaf fall" is a poem that distinguishes a peculiar, very unusual construction. According to rhyme, the work consists of 7 quatrains and 2 couplets, which are written by four-foot iambic. At the same time, stanzas 1, 3 and 5 are characterized by cross-rhyming; female and male rhymes alternate in them. 6, 8 and 9 stanzas have slightly different features. They are written in ring rhyme. As for stanzas 2, 4 and 7, adjacent rhymes are characteristic for them. Many critics rightly point out that the poem is close to folklore and has a special melody.
Space and time in the work
Carrying out the analysis of the poem "Listopad" by Bunin, it is imperative to say about space and time in it. They play a special role in the work. Bunin throughout the story expands its spatial and temporal boundaries. The time at the beginning of the poem is brief - it is "today", that is, one day. And the effect of the work is limited to the clearing. This allows readers to catch the last moments of happiness: to see the last moth, to feel the farewell warmth of the sun, to hear the clucking thrush. As the work progresses, time expands. Now it covers a whole month ("September, circling the thickets of boron ..."). The same can be said about space - it becomes larger, containing the whole sky and the whole forest. Time and space at the end of the poem take on truly planetary proportions.
Image of autumn
In a poem, autumn is a collective concept. On the one hand, this is the time of year. But on the other hand, autumn appears as an independent being. This is the mistress of the forest, the "silent widow." Through the humanized image, the artist reveals to the reader the inner life of nature. Her world is filled with joy, pain and suffering.
Change of state of nature
The poet depicts a change of state of nature, using various artistic techniques and means. At the same time, without separating the natural environment from humans, Ivan Alekseevich surprisingly subtly describes the change in mood of the lyrical hero himself. Bunin in his poem pursues the idea of ​​cyclical processes of the universe, as well as eternal life. To do this, he creates a ring in the poem. We see how the beauty of the golden autumn is replaced by the beauty of the suffering and wilting of nature, and then a new beauty appears - cold, winter and beautiful.
The image of the autumn forest
Ivan Alekseevich in the first part of his work creates a picturesque image of the autumn forest. To do this, he uses various contrasts and colors ("silver web", "lilac tower", "bright, sunny meadow", "amber reflection of foliage"). The poet, drawing a fairy tale of autumn, resorts to the corresponding fabulous vocabulary. He compares the forest with a carved tower, the meadow with a wide yard, and the gaps in the foliage for him are like a window.
An analysis of Bunin’s verse "Leaf fall" allows us to notice that the bright, vigorous perception of the autumn forest is gradually replaced by a minor mood in the poem. It is connected with the fact that the image of the “silent widow” appears in the work, as well as the death motive. Ivan Alekseevich paints a picture of the now silent speechless numbness of the forest, which is preparing for a quick dying.
Life and death
In the third part, dying is transmitted using appropriate sounds. We see that the carnival of bright colors has already sunk into oblivion, and autumn is heading farther south. But in the final part of the poem comes a joyful event. Winter winds bring new life, which again replaces death. So the poem created by Ivan Bunin is filled with life-affirming meaning.
"Leaf fall": analysis of expressive means
In the work, the movement transmission is organized using expressive means, such as inversion in the first stanza (“it rains, leaves spin”), as well as an antithesis that contrasts directional (“geese keep flying”) and random motion (“leaves spin”) .
The abundance of paths is characterized by the poem "Leaf Fall" (Bunin). An analysis of it also allows you to notice that the author uses anaphora. In addition, Bunin applies the “o” and “e” consonance, which gives the poem melody. And the sound images of the rustling of leaves and silence are created by the alliteration of the sounds “c” and “w”.
Bunin's poem is full of comparisons. A moth, for example, he compares with a white petal. And the fabrics shine like a "network of silver." In addition, the work contains metaphors ("motley tower", "among the wide courtyard"), personifications (autumn is included in the "tower"), epithets ("frosty silver", "dead silence", "silent widow").
Bunin's Mastery
Concluding the analysis of the poem "Listopad" by Bunin, we note that its author is a real artist. In the work he managed to put into words and convey the diversity of the world around us, the grandeur and beauty of nature. The opinion of many literary scholars agrees that Listopad is the standard of landscape lyrics. In this poem masterfully selected words that accurately and simply to genius reveal the processes occurring in nature. One gets the impression that not just some abstract creature wanders through the forest, but a real woman-sorcerer, who mournes that life is ending, says goodbye to her possessions. Moreover, the reader seems to be involved in everything that happens, becomes his protagonist. Like autumn, he can take refuge from loneliness and rain in a painted tower.
We offer you to supplement the brief analysis of the verse "Listopad" by Bunin. Surely you can also find interesting features of the work. It is likely that it will prompt you to your own thoughts. After all, Bunin's poem leaves no one indifferent.