Bad urine is not a reason to panic, but it’s worth the examination. Most likely, the urinary system has failed and needs treatment. Laboratory studies will help to understand the cause of the disease and prescribe therapy. Each person is obliged to take urine for analysis once a year in order to prevent the development of serious deviations.
Urine research
By studying clinical and laboratory indicators, it is possible to identify abnormalities or hidden pathology. Urine contains sodium chloride, urea and some components, their amount affects the human condition and the result of the tests.
Do not think that bad urine is an indicator of the disease. Together with urine, salts, toxins and other organics are excreted from the body. However, if any abnormalities are identified by analysis, the doctor will prescribe a more extensive study to detect negative changes in the urinary system - the kidneys and other organs.
Preparatory stage
If the patient does not adhere to the rules for collecting urine, then this may make the results of laboratory tests biased. When taking fluid, it is advisable to follow these instructions:
- only morning urine is taken immediately after sleep;
- Before collecting the material, a hygienic toilet of the external genitalia is carried out;
- the first stream merges into the toilet, and the rest into a jar, about 100 milliliters, not more;
- the jar should be sterile, but it is better to purchase a container in a pharmacy or take it in a laboratory.
Such simple actions can rely on high-quality diagnosis and proper treatment.
Correct material collection
During the preparation for the collection of biological material, the following instructions should be followed:
- Before collecting urine per day, refrain from taking any alcoholic beverages and limit the amount of fluid consumed.
- The analysis will not be objective if the patient had power loads on the eve or he visited the sauna.
- Exclude from the menu products that affect the color of urine (sweet, salty, fatty, smoked, beets, carrots).
- Do not consume vitamins and diuretics per day.
- Do not collect material during an infectious disease or inflammatory processes after hypothermia.
- Women should wait until the period ends.
Ignoring such elementary requirements will cause poor urine, as low-quality material will be delivered to the laboratory. If the patient doubts the correctness of collecting his fluid, then to establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the correct treatment, you should talk with your doctor in order to collect a different biomaterial, following the necessary recommendations.
Storage conditions
The fluid excreted by the kidneys cannot be stored for a long time. After a couple of hours in bacteria, bacteria actively begin to multiply, given that the biomaterial is stored in sterile dishes and in the cold. So the sooner the collected urine gets on the table to the laboratory assistant, the more chances to get reliable results.
Key features
Bad urine has deviations from the basic standards. When contacting a specialist, this type of examination is prescribed. Diagnosis reveals pathologies of the internal organs and urinary system. The doctor pays close attention to the following criteria:
- Changing the color of biological material.
- The structure of urine.
- The density of the biomaterial.
- Acid-base balance.
- Is there protein, white blood cells, acetone and red blood cells and in what quantities.
- The presence of fungi and bacteria.
Anxiety among doctors is caused by results that are significantly deviated from the norm. This indicates a pathological process in the human body.
Color
When processing the material, the specialist pays attention to the color of the liquid released. Healthy urine has a light yellow tint. Any change in color indicates a malfunction in the body. For instance:
- Dark urine indicates poisoning, a disease of the circulatory system and liver.
- A red tint or clots of this color indicate the presence of blood in the urine. Usually this happens with inflammation of the pelvis of the kidneys, bladder, pyelonephritis and oncology of the urea.
- A color reminiscent of meat slops is very poor urine, which indicates a severe form of glomerulonephritis, tuberculosis, and kidney infarction.
Urine analysis helps to identify many deviations that raise doubts about the health of the body. It is important to exclude secondary factors in the form of taking medication and malnutrition before taking urine.
Transparency
An important indicator of human health is clear urine. Everything else is a sign of the development of the disease. The presence of flakes indicates a focus of inflammation. It can be pyelonephritis, cystitis, amyloidosis. Such poor urine in women indicates fungal infection and inflammation, because particles of protein enter the vagina from the vagina into the biomaterial.
Acidity
On the forms of analyzers there is such an abbreviation - pH. This is an indicator of acidity. A weak acidic environment is taken as the norm, and it ranges from 4 to 6 pH. Its indicators are affected by food, acid-base imbalance, dehydration.
The causes of poor urinalysis may be a decrease in potassium in the blood, as well as ureaplasmosis, renal failure, cancer, and diabetes. It is these diseases that reduce the acidity of urine.
Density
If the concentration of urine is reduced beyond normal limits, then the suspicion falls on renal failure. Increased concentration is also not a good indicator, rather, it is a signal of the presence of diabetes mellitus, damage to the kidneys and bladder. This also includes dehydration.
Protein
In healthy urine, protein is detected in small doses. In bad urine, the protein content is exceeded, which is caused by a disease of the kidneys or inflammatory foci in other excretory organs. Leukemia, allergic reactions, cardiovascular disorders should not be ruled out. In men’s biomaterial, traces of protein may be due to seminal fluid.
White blood cells
Normally, the appearance of several cells in the test fluid is considered. This is a kind of "sentinel", checking the state of organs for cancer or infection. If secondary factors are excluded (taking certain medications and inadequate hygiene of the genitals during the collection of material), then there will be a lot of leukocytes in bad urine with cystitis, urethritis, appendicitis, pyonephrosis, renal cysts, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Red blood cells
Hemoglobin-containing blood cells sometimes enter urine, therefore their content in certain quantities is considered normal. An increase in the number of red blood cells in the urine is called hematuria. Macrohematuria is a sign of severe pathology. The reasons for its appearance can be different: from an injury to the urethra to glomerulonephritis.
Ketone bodies
The content of ketones in urine puts the normal functioning of the body at risk. Such chemical compounds manifest themselves during diabetes, pancreatitis, a strict diet, and alcohol poisoning. Causes of poor urine may still be a metabolic disorder.
Bilirubin
The constituent component of urine acts as an indicator for determining the pathology of the liver and gall bladder. This cirrhosis of the liver, hepatitis, anemia, stones in the bile ducts and kidneys, malaria, toxic hemolysis. In healthy urine, it is almost not manifested. The accumulation of bilirubin poses a serious threat to human health.
Smell
Biomaterial is distinguished by its characteristic odor. Its changes make it clear that violations occur in the body. A pungent smell reminiscent of acetone is a vivid indicator of high blood sugar. The stench of ammonia is a sign of cystitis and inflammatory processes. Such poor urine in a man according to the results of the study says about prostatitis, urethritis, orchitis.
Glucose
An increased content of a substance is not yet a sign of a disease. This can be when consuming sweets and carbohydrates, an emotional outburst, and pregnancy. The abundance of glucose acquires a pathological form in pancreatitis, serious poisoning, fever, meningitis, stroke, encephalitis.
Hemoglobin
The presence of this element in the blood outside the norm in medicine is called hemoglobinuria. Among the internal factors that provoke the disease, note: flu, pneumonia, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, blood transfusion. External include: poisoning, injury, hypothermia, burns.
When the sampling of biological material has been carried out, an analysis has been made and the results show that there are deviations from the norm, it is worthwhile to conduct a deeper study of bad urine. Why this happened, the doctor will tell in more detail.
Poor Results
Based on the results of the tests, the doctor can prescribe an additional examination to determine the diagnosis and prescribe the necessary therapy.
A general urinalysis in a patient will demonstrate how well the organs of the urinary and other systems in the body function.
If urine test results are poor, what should I do in such cases? Self-medication and ignoring the prescribed care is strictly prohibited - this is a threat to the health and life of the patient. Poor tests often indicate a serious illness. The doctor can recommend such studies:
- Urinalysis according to Nechiporenko, especially if there is even a slight hint of inflammatory processes in the urinary system.
- The Kakovsky-Addis test for the study and detection of an ailment in the urinary and renal ducts.
- Sulkovich analysis shows calcium in the urine, it is prescribed for children and adolescents to control vitamin D. Adults are sent for suspected tumors, pathologies of the nervous system, and tuberculosis.
- Alpha-amylase analysis to investigate pancreatic disorders.
- Zimnitsky's test is effective for diagnosing kidney failure.
A specialist will tell you how to collect material for research, he should be entrusted with his health.
The doctor can send the patient to an ultrasound scan, an MRI scan, ask for a blood test for other tests. Sometimes the doctor recommends re-sampling the body fluid for research.
Having made the correct diagnosis, the doctor prescribes the appropriate therapy. For instance:
- inflammation caused by pathogens is treated with antifungal and antibacterial drugs;
- with inflammation of the bladder and kidneys, uroseptics are used;
- with glomerulonephritis, immunosuppressive therapy is prescribed;
- chronic, acute kidney diseases and organ failure require complex and long treatment;
- tumors are most often removed surgically.
To speed up the healing process, recipes of traditional healers and physiotherapeutic procedures will come to the rescue. A special diet will help bring the tests back to normal.
For prevention, it is advisable to take urine for analysis at least once a year. If pain occurs in the lower back, urination is disturbed, blood pressure rises, then a urine examination should be taken ahead of schedule.
Do not forget that nothing passes so simply and in the early stages of the pathology is easier to cure than when it is started and developed into a chronic form.