Basketball is one of the most famous games in the whole world, played by both men and women. The game is included not only in the school curriculum, but also in the program of the Olympic Games, therefore the rules of basketball are known to everyone. Regular European Championships have been held since 1935, and World Championships since 1950. It was invented in the XIX century, namely December 21, 1891. The father of basketball is considered the Canadian-American coach James Naismith, who at the time of the creation of the game worked at the Springfield International School as a teacher of physical education.
Basketball appeared by chance, since Naismith did not set out to create a game, but only wanted to increase physical activity for his students, because in winter the load automatically decreased due to bad weather. So, in the walls of an American sports school, the basic rules of basketball were laid down by an ordinary teacher, who later became an innovator known throughout the world. The popularity of the game in the physical education system is due to several factors: firstly, the rules of basketball are simple and accessible to everyone; secondly, the game is highly emotional and spectacular; thirdly, it positively affects the body of students; fourthly, it does not require significant economic costs.
Consider the rules of basketball briefly. Two teams of twelve people each participate in the game, but at the same time at least three people and a maximum of five can be present at the site. The team's efforts should be aimed at throwing the ball into the opponents' basket, after which they score a point, and also, to prevent the opposing team from holding and throwing the ball into their ring.
The difference between basketball and most other games is that you can only play with your hands, and it is strictly forbidden to intentionally hit and block the ball with your feet or hit it with your fist. But there are exceptions, for example, when a player touches the ball with his heel or foot completely by accident. The rules of basketball prohibit moving the ball around the sports field without hitting it on the floor, because in this case the ball is taken into account - this is considered a violation, and the ball must be transferred to another team. The winner is the team that scored more points by the end than the opponents. If at the end of the game the points on the scoreboard are equal for the teams, then the so-called overtime is assigned and the meeting is extended for another five minutes. But there are cases when even after extra time the score remains the same, then five minutes are appointed until a winner is determined.
A hit in the ring counts according to different criteria. The maximum number of teams counts if the throw was made by a player because of the three-point line that surrounds each basket. Such a hit adds three points to the team. Two points are counted when the throw was made from close or medium range, that is, closer to the three-point zone. And finally, one point - when the throw is made from the penalty line. The game begins with the team whose player correctly hit the ball in a controversial shot in the center circle. The match is divided into four periods of ten minutes, and in the National Basketball Association - twelve minutes. The time interval between the first and second periods is only two minutes, the same amount of time is taken between the third and fourth periods. The longest break occurs between the third and fourth quarter, it lasts fifteen minutes. After him, usually the teams exchange rings.
The rules of basketball allow you to hold a meeting both in the open area and in the gym, only with a ceiling height of at least seven meters. The length of the field should be exactly 26 m, and the width - 14 m. The size of the shield is 180x120 cm from the rack. The required distance between the bottom edge of the shield and the floor is 275 cm. The basket consists of a metal ring covered with a mesh that does not have a bottom. The mass of the game ball should be equal to 600-650 g, and the circumference, while 75-80 cm.