Physical development means a set of measures that are aimed at increasing the overall reactivity of the child's body, as well as stimulating his abilities for physical labor. Increasing the level of physical indicators of the body of a child and an adult is the main goal, which is achieved in many ways, methods proposed by world experts.
The physical development of children is a complex of multi-stage events that are held in various institutions. After birth, children do not show pronounced physical activity, because it is programmed by nature that they only gain weight, organ systems develop that have not fully completed their cycle in the womb. Muscular activity in this age range is extremely low, and neuromuscular synapses, as well as motor neurons, cannot work systematically, allowing complex motor acts to be realized. Only the simplest reflexes aimed at satisfying hunger are developed: sucking reflex, reflex of oral automatism, etc.
At the age of 0.5 years to 1 year, the child is hyperactive, as the above systems begin to work smoothly. Right now it’s advisable to talk about such a thing as the physical development of children. And basically, if there are no congenital pathologies of muscle or nervous tissue, children develop under the control of their parents. Their task is to create an environment so that the child does almost everything related to movement, but does not have the opportunity to get hurt or injured. During this period, his desire to move and explore the environment is so great that it becomes dominant over the self-preservation instinct. This situation can be traced to the moment of sending to the kindergarten.
The physical development of the child in these institutions, it would seem, is aimed at the manifestation of all his muscular qualities, which should have a beneficial effect on health. However, in reality, they are taught calmness in kindergartens: children do not spend much time playing outdoor games, but are engaged in a collective study of various phenomena. The focus on the development of intelligence is becoming a priority, although not always right, because, according to WHO requirements, even walking and outdoor games in the amount regulated by the Ministry of Education are insufficient for the development of the child.
The school also has a similar situation. Due to the fact that teachers do not want to experience many problems, and also because of the influence of the priority of intellectual development, children are sitting at school desks. Hypodynamia arising in this case is undesirable, especially for elementary school. In the medical environment, physical development is higher than intellectual, while being an auxiliary way of developing mental qualities.
In this aspect, the development of fine motor skills in children means a lot . Studies have proven that finger work, achieved through the functioning of the substantia nigra, is crucial in the development of articulation, that is, the act of speaking. This structural education performs all these functions, which means that their development, even isolated, indirectly increases the level and degree of differentiation of another person’s ability. This leads to an important point from a practical point of view: from a young age, when the development of colloquial speech has difficulties, its stimulation can be achieved by performing small motor acts with the fingers. The development of the child’s physical qualities forms multiple neural connections with the centers of the subcortex and cortex. Their number is directly proportional to the level of intelligence, therefore, development should also be comprehensive. From this it is worth making a logical conclusion that the opinion of educators and teachers, especially regarding young children, is erroneous, since they develop the child’s intelligence only through mental work, ignoring physical development in their disciplines. At the same time, an integrated approach that includes these two aspects helps to maintain health, not limited to priorities only regarding the development of intelligence.