Various disorders in the body can affect the appearance of neoplasms. Among them, a special place is occupied by an angioma. What is it and what are the reasons for its appearance? An angioma is a benign tumor that can form from blood or lymph vessels. It does not represent a danger to human life, but it is worth paying attention to such formations. Especially if they begin to change in size, bleed, and also if unpleasant pain occurs.
Angioma - what is it? Types of Angiomas
Modern medicine distinguishes several types of angiomas.
The first includes cavernous formations (they are also called cavernous formations). They have the appearance of red tubercles. The cavity of the angioma is filled with blood, so it can bleed. In some cases, the formation can provoke an increase in the size of the area in which it is located. Cavernous angioma is soft to the touch; after pressing, it easily restores the original form. It is localized mainly under the skin, rarely grows deeper.
The next type is venous angioma. The color of such benign tumors reaches dark blue. They are located in muscle tissue, under the skin, in adipose tissue. A characteristic feature is their autonomous growth.
Branched angiomas are rare. They have the appearance of bundles of vessels that are branched. Such formations develop on the limbs of a person, in some cases on the head, face.
Another type is intraosseous angioma. What it is? This is a tumor that is localized on the bones of the skull. May cause bleeding.
What are the symptoms of angiomas?
Very often painful sensations are observed at the place of formation. Such a part of the body will feel a little warmer than the rest. Even depending on the localization, the following symptoms may appear: heaviness in the limbs, shortness of breath (if the tumor formed in the nasal cavity).
Cavernous angioma is often very well visualized. Symptoms of the appearance of neoplasms include increased hair growth in the affected area, as well as excessive sweating. If there is a suspicion that a brain angioma is developing, then you should pay attention to frequent headaches, loss of consciousness, speech impairment.
Therapies
There are several ways to treat neoplasms. The main goal is to stop the growth of angioma, the return of vascular functionality. In therapy, laser beams are used. The tumor is removed in layers. The main advantage of this method is the almost complete absence of bleeding.
The second option is sclerosis. It is used for deep neoplasms. A special substance (often alcohol) is introduced into the cavity of the angioma. However, the procedure is rather painful and lengthy.
Hormone therapy is used if there is an active tumor growth or its location is critical. An excellent option for the treatment of angioma is the use of low temperatures (cryotherapy). This method does not cause bleeding, pain is not felt. If the tumor is deep, then surgery is possible.
Angioma of the brain. Reasons for the appearance
This is one of the potentially dangerous tumors. Brain angioma can cause bleeding. The brain is one of the main organs in our body, so any disturbances in its functioning significantly affect the general condition of the body. Most often, such a pathology is congenital. But severe head injuries, infectious diseases can provoke the appearance of education. An important role is played by the hereditary factor. These types of brain angiomas are distinguished: capillary, cavernous, venous. Symptoms of the latter are particularly pronounced. Venous cerebral angioma can cause a stroke.
Symptoms of neoplasms in the brain
The formation of a tumor in the brain leads to compression of certain areas. As a result, headaches are observed. Also, a person complains of a noise in the head, nausea, frequent bouts of vomiting. In the presence of an angioma, speech and thinking may be impaired. Movements are poorly coordinated, in some cases, paralysis occurs. Mostly the symptomatology depends on the area in which the neoplasm is located. Vision also suffers from the presence of a tumor.
How is a benign vascular tumor diagnosed?
Often, an angioma of the brain does not manifest itself in any way, so a neoplasm can be detected in other studies. Angiography is used to make an accurate diagnosis. It refers to invasive procedures, therefore, specialist supervision is required. As a rule, for this manipulation, the patient must be in the hospital.
All necessary blood and urine tests are taken. Angiography is performed with anesthesia. A special catheter is inserted into the artery. A
radiopaque material is applied and a series of shots are taken. However, this procedure has its contraindications (pregnancy, problems with the work of the heart and circulatory system). Quite informative (and not invasive) diagnostic methods are computed and magnetic resonance imaging. Such methods are based on the use of either X-rays or a magnetic field.
Brain Angioma Treatment
If a diagnosis of "angioma of the brain" is made, then treatment must be carried out immediately. The reason for this is a high risk of bleeding. However, in some cases, the neoplasms disappear on their own. Only a competent specialist will conduct all the necessary studies and take control of the course of the disease. If the damaged vessels are located on the surface of the organ, then they can be removed without problems using surgery. At the same time, the integrity of healthy tissue will not be violated. For such operations, a gamma knife is used (for neoplasms, the size of which does not exceed 3 cm). But if the venous angioma of the brain is deep enough, other methods will be required.
Using a catheter, a special substance is introduced into the tumor cavity. The essence of this method is to block damaged vessels, isolate them from the blood supply system. In some cases, radioactive rays are used. With their help, the angioma can be completely eliminated.
Neoplasm in the liver
In some cases, the liver may be the organ where the angioma is localized. What it is, you already know. But how do vascular tumors develop in the liver and what are their symptoms? Often the disease does not manifest itself. However, over time, certain symptoms may occur. The person feels nauseous, there are bouts of vomiting, there is a heaviness in the liver. There is a general deterioration in well-being. The most informative way to study such a disease is to use labeled red blood cells.
After diagnosing liver angioma, the specialist selects a method of treatment. This can be sclerotherapy, the use of a laser, hormone therapy. In severe cases, surgery is performed. However, if tumor growth is not observed, there are no pain symptoms, it is impractical to carry out a surgical operation.