What is joint dysplasia? This is not a disease, but a condition of bone and cartilage, which develops in humans as a result of various pathologies. Most often, this condition is congenital, but there are cases when dysplasia developed after birth.
Dysplasia is a pathology of tissue development. If this pathology occurs after birth, then in some cases it is considered a precancerous condition.
Joint dysplasia is an abnormal structure or development of connective tissue. Underdeveloped tissue makes the joints unnecessarily mobile.
Most often, knee dysplasia or hip dysplasia occurs . Some experts believe that the pathology of the hip joint in most cases is congenital, and the knee joint is acquired. However, not all experts agree with this opinion.
What is knee dysplasia? This is an extremely painful, very unpleasant condition that appears in people as a result of the fact that the patella ceases to correspond in shape to the grooves into which it should enter. Such a mismatch causes severe pain, the bones wear out and take an irregular shape, which makes it difficult to move the knee in the joint.
Dysplasia of the knee joint can affect different areas: the germinal area of the bone, ligamentous apparatus, articular capsule or intraarticular cartilage. Depending on which zone is affected, certain deformations develop. It is known that varus (arched) or valgus (change in length) deviation (pathology) can cause curvature of the legs in the shape of the letter "X" or "O".
Dysplasia of the knee joint. Causes of the appearance of pathology
Today it is established that pathology can be caused by:
- hereditary predisposition;
- postpartum or birth injuries, improper presentation of the fetus;
- hormonal disruptions in women;
- injuries
- overweight.
Usually, any dysplasia causes severe pain. With a diagnosis of knee dysplasia, changes in the joint can be seen during a routine examination.
Despite the fact that patients with joint pain usually go to surgeons, orthopedists are involved in the treatment.
The treatment of dysplasia, like every disease or abnormality, begins with research. The doctor should prescribe an ultrasound of the joint, its radiological images.
The methods of treatment depend on the form and degree of development of the disease. Usually assigned:
- massages. The course should be conducted only in medical institutions and repeated many times;
- physiotherapy. Certain exercises can strengthen joints. Important: professional sports with dysplasia are prohibited:
- physiotherapy;
- drug treatment;
- surgical intervention. It is carried out in extreme cases. Sometimes doctors can completely replace a joint by installing an artificial joint instead of a damaged one.
As mentioned, dysplasia can be congenital or acquired. Regardless of this, the lack of treatment leads to the same complications. The most unpleasant and dangerous of them:
- severe pain in a deformed joint;
- gait disturbance;
- pathological changes in the spine.
Dysplasia Prevention
It is recommended to start prophylaxis at the stage of pregnancy. A woman must undergo the prescribed medical examination, get rid of all diseases in a timely manner.
Swaddling a newborn, it should be remembered that tight wrapping leads to muscle atrophy and, as a result, an increased risk of dysplasia.
Adults should monitor their weight, carefully monitor the hormonal background (especially women). It is very important to play sports and be systematically examined by medical specialists.