Before you find out what is the cause of the volcanic eruption, you need to understand what it is. According to terminology, this process is active volcanic activity, which carries a huge danger for any life form due to the massive release of ash, lava and incandescent debris onto the surface. The eruption can last from two to three hours to several years. There are times when magma cools in a vent, from which it never leaves. Science now identifies such types of volcanic eruptions as Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vesuvian and domed.
It's no secret that our planet is not at all completely hard rock, and under the shell (known as the lithosphere), about eighty kilometers thick, is a layer of the mantle. It is in it that lies the main reason for the eruption of the volcano. The fact is that the lithosphere is completely covered by faults. At the same time, the temperature of the mantle is several thousand degrees. And as it approaches the core, it increases. Due to the temperature difference, the hot masses of the lava move upward, and the cold, on the contrary, fall.
Now a few words about how a volcanic eruption occurs. When a hot but already cooling mantle reaches the lower level of the lithosphere, it moves for some time horizontally under it, moving lithospheric plates. It should be noted that pieces may break away from them. As soon as one plate creeps onto another, the lower one is immersed in the mantle and begins to melt. Since magma has a much lower weight compared to red-hot rocks, it gradually begins to rise up and accumulate in the so-called foci. Over time, its volume increases, and in search of freedom it gradually occupies cracks in the lithosphere. Sooner or later, the crust in the weakest places erupts, and magma comes out.
The cause of the volcanic eruption is largely due to the degassing of magma. The fact is that in the focus it is under the influence of high pressure. In those places where the so-called traffic jam is relatively weak, an eruption occurs. During this process, magma loses gases. They are combustible; therefore, they explode and ignite in the vent. Sometimes magma does not find an exit to the earth's surface. In this case, lava simply flows from the volcano. Sometimes it just cools down in depth.
Summing up, it should be noted that the main reason for the volcanic eruption is the release of magma from the foci to the earth's surface as a result of the movement of lithospheric plates and the action of high pressure. If new portions of incandescent material do not arrive, the volcano may fall asleep indefinitely. If the centers begin to fill up again, he will resume his activity.
Volcanic eruptions often lead to the death of people and animals, as well as to significant damage to buildings and structures. Lava, along with other hot substances, flows down the mountain slopes and burns everything in its path. No matter how far humanity has gone in its development, the complete escape of the population remains the only salvation from the eruption .