The operation of residential, public and industrial facilities is impossible today without adequate provision with engineering systems. They are required not only for the organization of a comfortable life of people, but also as a means of ensuring safety and optimal sanitary conditions. Therefore, immediately after completion of construction work, the installation of engineering systems is carried out in accordance with the requirements of a previously prepared project. Events of this kind affect a huge range of technical operations related to the processing of materials and structures, installation of equipment, laying of communication networks, etc.
Features of installation work
The engineering infrastructure of the building is distinguished by the complexity, responsibility and complexity of the technological design. Complexity is understood as the interconnection of several types of networks. For example, pipelines that supply gas and water can run in parallel, but in the same shaft. Accordingly, during installation or reconstruction it will not be possible to affect one circuit without interfering with the structure of an adjacent network. The same goes for power systems and telecommunications. In terms of responsibility, the installation of engineering systems of buildings, of course, will determine the degree of reliability of public utilities, as well as the level of security at home. The same gas wiring is one of the most dangerous networks in engineering support, therefore, it is subject to increased requirements in terms of explosion and fire safety. There are also features in the form of complexity and multi-stage execution of installation. This is especially noticeable in the examples of modern engineering equipment provided by modern means of automatic control and protection.
Work Requirements
Different systems have their own requirements, affecting the same issues of fire safety, technical reliability, environmental friendliness, etc. Special standards are being developed for the placement of equipment. For example, boiler and gas installations, depending on power, can be located either in separate rooms, or as part of a private house, along with other engineering equipment. The ventilation ducts are required to meet the points of placement of the intake devices, the volumes of the flow exchange, the throughput, etc. Again, the requirements may overlap - for example, ventilation shafts must be present in rooms with boiler, gas and boiler installations. Separate requirements exist for electrical engineering systems. Installation of networks and equipment of this type should be carried out using appropriate insulators, means of grounding and grounding, fuses and stabilizers.
Project development
Design work is carried out on the basis of the received initial data on a specific building or structure. Its characteristics are taken into account, by which a list of technical and construction requirements for networks, equipment and additional components is further determined. It is important to consider that the design and installation of engineering systems are interrelated activities that can complement each other. For example, there is a practice according to which installers already give designers information about optimal solutions regarding laying or placement of communications. One way or another, at the exit the design decision should provide the working team with complete information about the methods, means and methods of solving the problem.
Types of jobs
Work can be classified according to the purpose of the engineering system, the type and nature of the technical operation, the venue of events, etc. As for the purpose of the systems, it is possible to single out the laying of gas, water supply, electrical and climate communications. In addition, the installation of engineering systems of structures, which are exclusively of a technological nature of operation, can focus solely on ensuring the mechanics of action of work units and units of a production type.
The most common type of technical operations during the installation of engineering is the laying of communications - pipes, wiring, ventilation shafts, power cables, etc. But minor work on drilling, drilling, assembly and disassembly of structures is also common. For example, the installation of internal engineering systems of buildings is rarely dispensed with without interference in the construction of walls and partitions. Whether it is electrical engineering, or plumbing equipment, the creation of holes for laying the same communications is often required. External work is mainly related to the organization of overhead supply lines or underground channels of engineering networks.
Installation operations
Special equipment may be involved in the work, but most often installation teams manage with hand-held power tools, compressors, locksmith sets and, of course, a wide range of consumables. The installation process can be divided into several stages - directly laying communications, installing the target equipment, connecting and commissioning. For example, the installation of an engineering cleaning system will, first of all, imply the laying of channels for the removal of household waste. Further, on the site near the house, a septic tank or other cleaning and filtration equipment is installed. Engineers connect the waste outlet channel to the septic tank, and then organize the release from the septic tank into the central sewer system.
Conclusion
The implementation of an engineering system project requires an integrated approach. A lot in the organization of installation events will depend on its characteristics and the parameters of the working equipment. In some cases, the installation of engineering systems can be done by yourself. For example, many home craftsmen cope with the organization of electrical engineering or the laying of individual plumbing sections. However, large-scale gas supply projects or industrial climate infrastructure at the production facility are exclusively carried out by professional groups of specialists.