It is often required to provide first aid for thermal burns, but others are not always ready for this. But the future human health depends on competent actions in the first minutes after the incident. It is important to ensure that damaged skin does not have time to freeze. Then it will be possible to restore the tissue and, possibly, everything will do without terrible scars.
Types of Thermal Injuries
Before conducting first aid for thermal burns, damage should be classified, and only then choose the most effective method. It is important to ask the victim about the circumstances of what happened. Indeed, with chemical burns, water and tissues soaked in it can provoke a violent reaction.
The provision of first aid for thermal burns differs in actions from resuscitation of people with tissue damage by electric shock. It is recommended to independently analyze the situation and assess the possible causes of the burn if the injured person is unconscious.
First aid for thermal burns is carried out if the skin is affected by hot objects, open flames, boiling liquids, gases. Some solutions are eaten into the skin, therefore, actions should be directed to softening the integument before arriving at the hospital. And burning plastics or other similar material should be quickly isolated from oxygen.
Suspected Chemistry
If tissue damage with chemicals, you need to find out the type of active fluid. Acids are washed with plenty of water until the reaction stops. But alkalis should never be removed with water, it will enhance the reaction and destroy the upper skin. Inactive substances should be selected.
First aid for thermal burns begins with determining the degree of damage to the body. Assess the color of the site, the presence of blood, cracks, blisters on the skin. It is recommended to wrap the affected area with a dry, clean cloth and wait for an ambulance. With minor burns, you still have to visit the emergency room to alleviate the condition of the victim, because skin damage can be accompanied by pain.
Electricity
Electric shock is more dangerous than thermal and chemical burns. First aid should be started by determining a steady pulse, breathing. Often, the tongue falls into the larynx of the victims, interfering with the passage of air.
First of all, they try to release the victim's larynx with the fingers. It is recommended to wrap charred skin in a damp and dense cloth. Before the ambulance arrives, they perform mouth-to-mouth breathing exercises. You can’t stop, even if it seemed that help was already useless.
A person affected by electric shock may be in a lateral state. It is forbidden to leave him alone, all the more it is impossible to force the victim to descend the stairs on his own. Control of consciousness will return only after an hour, when the level of adrenaline in the blood decreases.
Degree of defeat
The procedure for first aid for thermal burns also differs with varying degrees of severity of injuries. In mild and minor areas of the burn, we are talking about the first degree. The skin turns red, it hurts. Painkillers are appropriate here. It is recommended to use foam to treat affected tissues.
After sunbathing ointment, liquid restorative creams are suitable. To save the skin from blisters, ordinary cold homemade sour cream will help, which is applied periodically all evening and day until the redness and pain disappear.
The second degree is characterized by a stronger skin reaction, swelling appears on it and blisters form. The help is carried out similar, but more long-term.
The third degree is accompanied by the appearance of blood spots, the skin darkens. More drastic measures are required.
The fourth requires resuscitation. It is not possible to save the affected integument; all the forces have already been sent to save the life of the victim.
In all cases, the first step is to ensure heat loss. To cool the affected tissues, even pure ice water, ice, is suitable.
Sequencing
First aid to the victim of thermal burns begins with the removal of charred clothing. Do this with scissors carefully, without touching the skin. It is impossible to open the bubbles with the liquid - this is a natural protective reaction of the body.
Cold objects are applied to the affected area, wrapped in a clean cloth or plastic bag. Before this, it is recommended to thoroughly rinse the skin with water or hydrogen peroxide. Immersing completely in water for a long time is not recommended.
Sunburns are no less dangerous for sensitive skin. Redness after the beach indicates tissue damage. Often people do not attach importance to this and do not go to the clinic on time. The result of a negligent attitude towards your body becomes peeling and peeling skin. In severe cases, the temperature rises and thermal overheating of the whole organism may occur.
Help in the latter case is a cool shower, antipyretic tablets and essential ointments to save tissues in the affected areas. When the condition worsens, they resort to the help of resuscitators. Painkillers remove unbearable itching and irritation of nerve endings.
Medication
A painful area of ​​the skin is recommended to be lubricated with ointments. Among these, Reskinol, Panthenol and its derivatives are distinguished. Well works "Levomekol"; it has a disinfecting effect, bactericidal and at the same time wound healing.
Disinfects and heals wounds after burns "Povidone-Iodine". The antiseptic effects are: Vokadin, Betadin, Katapol, Silvederm, Dermazin. Wounds and opened bubbles can be lubricated with sea buckthorn oil. It envelops and protects wounds from the air, which prevents the development of suppuration and thereby reduces pain. You can apply Actovegin, Solcoseryl, Aprovizol. “Baneocin”, “Stallanin”, “Bapanten-plus” are wound healing.
Folk remedies help no less effectively. A strong decoction of oak bark is used to rub the affected area of ​​the skin. Potato gruel is applied as a compress. Similarly, you can use egg white. And brewing from strong black tea helps reduce pain. It is applied in gauze overnight.