A burn is an injury received as a result of exposure to a hot liquid, excessively high temperature, some alkalis or acids, or electric current. Regardless of how the injury was received, the degree of burns is divided according to the force of the destructive effect on the tissue.
The weakest, not bearing severe consequences, are considered burns of the first degree. They are determined by slight reddening of the skin, slight "baking" pain at the site of damage. Sometimes a small swelling may form, which will disappear the next day.
With such a wound, the intervention of a doctor is usually not required, it is enough to provide first aid. To do this, after removing the injury factor, the burned place is poured with running cold water to cool it. If for some reason this is not possible, apply ice or cold objects to the damaged area, first wrapping them in a clean cloth.
If only redness or swelling has formed at the site of the injury, you can use the ointment after the burn after cooling. Panthenol, Reparef-2, Gentamicin, ointments, prepared on the basis of propolis, are suitable. This is the most common way of providing first aid, although some experts believe that the use of such ointments does not bring either benefit or harm. It is impossible to smear the damaged place with oil: a greenhouse effect may occur, the skin will begin to “get wet”, an infection will appear. Scars after burns in these cases do not remain.
The second degree of burns includes injuries in which blisters filled with a cloudy liquid appear on the skin. When they burst, the bright red surface of the wound becomes visible, which can very quickly become infected. The pain with such damage is very severe, swelling and redness are very significant. They begin to disappear only after a week, and a new skin on the wounds grows even later. Scars usually do not remain, but red spots can persist for up to six months.
To wound surfaces it is categorically contraindicated to apply potatoes, etc., write on them, grease with oil. Thus, many harmful microbes, bacteria that can lead to suppuration are introduced into the wound. It is best to wash the skin around the wound with soapy water or rub it with alcohol, squeeze a little Panthenol or another ointment after a burn, and then apply a sterile dressing. Further treatment should be carried out by a doctor.
During the third and fourth degree of burns, pain shock may occur . It manifests itself in weakness, dizziness, blue skin, trembling of the whole body or limbs. In order to relieve the shock state, you need to quickly help, call a doctor.
With the third degree of burns, the skin partially or completely burns. At the site of damage, a dense gray-brown or brown-black scab forms. Sometimes a venous pattern is visible through them. When providing assistance from damaged areas, do not peel off clothing. It is best to immediately call an ambulance, and, waiting for her arrival, give the patient warm water, cover the lesion with a clean cloth.
The fourth degree is carbonization. With such wounds, resuscitation is urgently needed.
With the third and fourth degree, scars usually remain. Scars can be treated with contractubex, dermazil, dermatix ointments. Argovasn chitosan gel helps some patients. However, you need to know firmly: you can use such ointments only after consulting a doctor.
If scars remain on the face or other visible parts of the body, laser resurfacing of the skin can be done. The cosmetologist will help you choose the right course. For the treatment of subtle scars, you can use a folk recipe. Mix equally the grass of dandelion, plantain, milkweed, calendula flowers, plantain. Then dilute them with the juice of kolanchoe, mountain ash, celandine, wormwood. All this is insisted for a week on vodka, then mixed with badger fat and applied to scars. But even with such treatment, it is better to consult a specialist.