In medical practice, a clinical blood test is widely used. This examination allows you to detect anemia, inflammatory processes in the body, make a conclusion about the state of the walls of blood vessels, suggest the presence of helminthic invasion, malignant pathologies. This analysis is also widely used in radiobiology among patients who suspect radiation sickness.
You need to know that a clinical blood test is taken on an empty stomach, blood sampling is carried out from the
ring finger. It is worth saying that in modern laboratories, most indicators are determined on special automatic blood analyzers, which are able to simultaneously analyze several parameters.
At the same time, a general clinical blood test indicates a peculiarity of the reaction of the hematopoietic organs under the influence of pathological or physiological factors, often is important in the diagnosis of various diseases, and with hematopoietic pathologies it is the leading method for examining patients.
The following parameters are included in this analysis:
- hemoglobin concentration;
- counting of shaped elements, namely: red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells;
- color indicator;
- ESR calculation;
- determination of the leukocyte formula - the ratio of different leukocytes (neutro, eosinophils, as well as basophils, monocytes and lymphocytes), which is expressed as a percentage.
Additionally, they can determine the time during which the blood coagulates, the duration of bleeding
Clinical blood test: norm indicators
1. Hemoglobin is a component of red blood cells. It carries oxygen. The blood of men contains up to 160 g of hemoglobin per liter of blood, in women this indicator is slightly lower - up to 140 g per liter.
2. Red blood cells - are responsible for biological oxidation, are red blood cells. In women, this parameter is 3.8-4.5 x 10 (12) per liter of blood, the number of these cells among men is about 5.0.
3. White blood cells - are formed in the lymph nodes and bone marrow, there are five types. There are neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils, which are included in the group of granulocytes, as well as lymph and monocytes. Normally, a liter of blood should contain 4-9 x 10 (9) of all white blood cells. The level of these cells increases with inflammatory processes, infectious lesions, injuries and tumors, after physical work and during pregnancy.
4. The color indicator indicates the saturation of red blood cells with hemoglobin (0.9-1 normal). It increases with a lack of vitamin B12, cancer and polyps of the stomach, decreases with iron deficiency anemia.
5. A clinical blood test determines ESR, which is a non-specific indicator of pathology in the body. The ESR level depends on gender, as well as age, increases with damage to the kidneys, liver, endocrine glands, collagenoses, infectious and inflammatory processes, after surgery, although its physiological increase can be observed during pregnancy and after eating. A decrease in ESR is observed with circulatory failure, an increase in bilirubin and bile acid concentration , and a decrease in fibrinogen in the body.