The main task facing any organization is making a profit. Management effectiveness directly depends on what functions and management methods are used in the work. It is impossible to achieve high results if you do not structure your work. Well-organized principles and management methods allow optimal organization of activities.
How are management methods classified?
1. Organizational and legal management methods allow you to determine the main boundaries of activity: the organizational and legal form of the organization of the company, the direction of activity and the conditions of functioning, rights and responsibilities of employees, etc.
2. Administrative management methods allow you to organize the activities of the organization, based on the subordination of employees and the implementation of instructions.
These methods encourage diligence, but do not welcome initiative, reducing effectiveness, because they do not take into account and do not use all the opportunities.
3. Economic methods allow you to activate management activities, because they are based on the material interest of employees. These methods, together with administrative ones, increase the effectiveness of the organization. As a result of cost reduction, it leads to additional profit, from which bonuses are paid to employees.
4. Socio-economic management methods , the effectiveness of which lies in meeting the needs of a higher order than material ones. It is worth noting that these methods may not affect people engaged in intellectual work.
5. Socio-psychological methods are designed to create a favorable psychological microclimate in the team and between the leader and subordinates; at the same time, they provide opportunities for employees to develop and realize themselves, leading to their satisfaction and increasing the efficiency of their work as a whole.
The main functions and management methods are constantly reviewed and improved. Management methods are not opposed, but interact. The management principles and methods are no less closely intertwined, since the former follow from the latter.
Consider the principles of management. They include
- combination of creativity and nachnosti: management is based on professional knowledge and skills, and only sometimes intuition or improvisation is applied;
- focus on achieving specific goals and resolving problems;
- a combination of universality and specialization, implying an individual approach to solving specific problems;
- sequence of actions performed;
- continuity;
- a rational combination of centralized management and self-government;
- attention to the individual characteristics of employees, their abilities, as a means of increasing work efficiency;
- integrity of rights and responsibility at all levels of work, which do not allow an employee to exceed his rights over his responsibility, as it can lead to arbitrariness of the management team, as well as suppress the activity and initiative of employees, as it leads to penalties;
- competitiveness of management members leads to personal interest of employees, based on material, moral and organizational rewards of the employee who has achieved maximum results;
- maximum involvement of employees in the process of making necessary management decisions. Participation of employees at various levels in such a process leads to more willing adoption and implementation of decisions aimed at achieving certain goals than those that descend from the leadership in an orderly manner.