Everyone can get into a situation where medical attention is urgently needed. Cases are different, as is the severity of the situation. It is first aid in emergency conditions that can save a human life. We devoted our article to this topic. Of course, such cases can be a large number, we will consider those that are most often found in medical practice.
Epileptic seizure
The most common type of seizure is observed in patients with epilepsy. It is characterized by loss of consciousness, convulsive movements of the limbs, foam from the mouth. Patients have enterprise-like symptoms, paying attention to them on time, you can significantly help yourself. These include a sense of fear, irritation, heart palpitations, sweating.
First aid in emergency conditions, such as an epilepsy seizure, is as follows. The patient must be put to one side, to prevent the tongue from dropping with a spoon or improvised material, if vomiting of foam has begun, make sure that there is no asphyxiation. If convulsions are observed, keep limbs.
The doctors who arrived at the place administer magnesium sulfate with glucose intravenously, intramuscularly “Aminazin”, and then the patient is urgently hospitalized.
Fainting
This condition occurs when there is insufficient blood supply to the brain of a person’s head; in medicine it is referred to as hypoxia.
The reasons can be a lot, from the psychological reaction of the body to a sharp pain shock. First aid for emergency fainting conditions is fairly simple. An unconscious person must be taken out into the open, tilted head down and held in this position. And if possible, use a cotton swab moistened with ammonia on the respiratory tract.
After performing these activities, a person comes to his senses. They advise after fainting peace and quiet, as well as avoiding stressful situations. As a rule, the medical workers who arrived at the call do not hospitalize such patients. If a person has come to his senses and his condition has stabilized, then he is prescribed bed rest and observation of well-being.
Bleeding
These are special emergency conditions in which there is a significant loss of blood, which in some cases can lead to death.
Before first aid is provided for emergency conditions with bleeding, it is important to understand its appearance. There are venous and arterial blood loss. If you are not sure of the correctness of your assumption, it is better to call an ambulance team and wait.
It is important to remember your own safety, through the blood you can become infected with diseases. The person you are experiencing blood loss may be infected with HIV, hepatitis and other dangerous illnesses. Therefore, before assisting, disinfect yourself with gloves.
A tight bandage or tourniquet is applied to the site of bleeding. If the limb is damaged, then it is evened out if possible.
If there is internal bleeding, then first aid for emergency conditions is to apply cold to this place. It will be useful to use painkillers so that a person does not lose consciousness and does not happen shock.
Bleeding occurs not only in adults, emergency conditions in pediatrics are often observed. First aid for children in such conditions should be aimed at preventing shock and asphyxiation. This is due to a low pain threshold, therefore, if short-term respiratory arrest is observed, the following is done. On the neck, below the Adam's apple, a puncture is made with a metal tube or improvised things. And an ambulance is called immediately.
Coma
Coma is a complete loss of consciousness by a person, which is characterized by a lack of reaction to external stimuli.
The causes of coma are significantly different. It can be: severe alcohol poisoning, drug overdose, epilepsy, diabetes, injuries and bruises of the brain and also signs of infectious diseases.
Coma is a serious emergency, medical care in which should be qualified. Based on the fact that the reasons cannot be visually clarified, the patient must be urgently hospitalized. Already in the hospital, the doctor will prescribe a full examination of the patient. This is especially important if there is no information about diseases and possible causes of falling into a coma.
There is an increased risk of cerebral edema and memory loss, so appropriate measures are taken to determine the causes. Such emergency conditions in pediatrics are less common. As a rule, in cases of diabetes and epilepsy. This simplifies the task of the doctor, the parents will provide a medical card for the child, and treatment will be started immediately.
Electric shock
The degree of electric shock depends on many factors, this is the electric discharge that hit the person, and the duration of contact with the focus.
The very first thing you need to do if you witness a shock to a person is to remove the focus. It often happens that a person cannot let go of an electric wire, for this they use a wooden stick.
Before the ambulance arrives and first aid is provided for emergency conditions, it is necessary to assess the condition of the person. Check the pulse, breathing, examine the affected areas, check consciousness. If necessary, do artificial respiration, indirect heart massage on your own, treat the affected areas.
Poisoning
Occur when exposed to toxic substances, they can be liquid, gaseous and dry. In case of poisoning, severe vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea are observed. Assistance in emergency conditions of intoxication should be aimed at the rapid removal of toxic substances from the body, stopping their action and restoring the digestive and respiratory organs.
For this, the stomach and intestines are washed. And after that - complex rehabilitation therapy. Remember that timely access to medical care and first aid can save a person’s life.