Cauterization of blood vessels in the nose is the common name for medical procedures such as conchotomy and vasotomy.
Conchotomy is characterized by partial removal of the mucous membrane. Vasotomy - direct cauterization of blood vessels located in the nasal cavity.
Similar surgical interventions are performed with frequent relapses of nosebleeds.
Causes of frequent nosebleeds
If a person has regular nosebleeds, then it is quite difficult to identify the causes of this ailment. There are local and general causes of this phenomenon.
Common include:
- Increased pressure and heart defects. Older people are more likely to be affected. With age, blood vessels lose their elasticity and become fragile.
- Poor blood coagulability in diseases such as anemia, hemophilia and thrombocytopenia.
- Bad sleep, insomnia, stressful situations and overwork.
- Solar or thermal shock.
- An increase in body temperature in infectious diseases.
- Oversaturation of the mucous membrane in the nose. Dry air negatively affects the condition of the mucous membrane.
- Allergy. With an allergic disease, blood accumulates in the vessels, which makes them burst.
- Hormonal imbalance.
- Menstrual irregularities.
Local reasons are as follows:
- Nasal injuries resulting from a shock or fall.
- Finding a foreign body in the nasal cavity (characteristic of children).
- Sinusitis, rhinitis or adenoiditis.
- Curvature of the nasal septum.
- Neoplasms in the nose.
- Nose burns: chemical, thermal, radiation or electric.
Types of nosebleeds
There are two types of nosebleeds: anterior and posterior.
With anterior blood, it comes out from the nasal cavity. Allocations are weak and short-term, end after a while by themselves.
Back bleeding occurs as a result of damage to large vessels located deep in the nose. Blood in this case moves along the nasopharynx, and more precisely along its posterior wall. Cauterization of the vessels of the nose during bleeding rear view.
Excessive nosebleeds lead to a loss of blood up to 200 ml. If the volume approaches 1 liter, then a person’s life is in danger.
Cauterization of the mucous membrane and blood vessels: varieties
Cauterization of blood vessels in the nose is carried out only after unsuccessful conservative treatment. To restore the nasal mucosa is only possible with the help of surgical intervention.
There are several varieties of surgery in the nasal cavity. Each technique has opponents and supporters. More supporters have such a procedure as cauterization of blood vessels in the nose with a laser. Reviews of patients who have tested the effectiveness of this method on themselves are numerous. Some say that the procedure is painful, and in addition, it will take a lot of effort and time to recover. Others, on the contrary, argue that there is no other such quick and effective operation. All methods are united by only one thing - complete safety for human health.
Therefore, do not be surprised that different otolaryngologists prescribe different operations.
So, cauterization of blood vessels in the nose can be carried out in the following ways:
- with a laser;
- by treatment with silver;
- radiosurgical intervention;
- ultrasonic disintegration.
Any surgical intervention has its positive and negative sides, and cauterization of vessels in the nose is no exception. Testimonials from patients and otolaryngol specialists say that this procedure has more pros than cons. The thing is the speed of the operation, the lack of preliminary preparation and complications, as well as the rapid restoration of the mucous membrane and tissues in the nose. As for the rehabilitation period, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the body. From the reviews, only one thing is clear - the effectiveness of cauterization in the fight against bleeding from the nose is high.
When is surgery necessary?
Only an otolaryngologist can indicate the need for surgical intervention, and this is quite natural.
Cauterization of blood vessels in the nose is necessary if a person has the following chronic diseases or pathological conditions:
- runny nose, or rhinitis;
- medical type rhinitis;
- hypertrophic rhinitis;
- frequent nosebleeds;
- labored breathing.
Surgery for cauterization of vessels in the nose is an extreme measure when conservative treatment does not help. Before the appointment of such a procedure, the attending physician uses the entire list of all kinds of means and drugs aimed at treating the disease. If drug therapy does not give a positive result, then surgery is prescribed.
People who seek the help of a doctor are worried about being forced to undergo surgery. But without this measure, it is sometimes simply impossible to cope with the problem.
It is worth noting that the negative reviews about the cauterization of blood vessels, which are replete with the Internet, are too exaggerated. There are certain side effects, but they are not as scary as you might think after reading the comments. And not the fact that they will arise at all. In addition, according to experts, side effects can always be overcome.
Coagulation with a radiosurgical knife
Coagulation is an electrosurgical intervention that is prescribed to prevent nosebleeds. The operation does not lead to tissue destruction.
Due to the fact that the electric current heats and expands the skin cells and soft tissue, the liquid boils and evaporates. As a result, an incision of the required depth is created, normal blood coagulation is observed.
A radiosurgical knife is a thin wiring that is not able to heat up. Coagulation does not injure tissue and skin. After cauterization of blood vessels in the nose, the patient does not feel pain, swelling and inflammation do not occur.
Laser exposure
For surgical intervention, a special apparatus is needed that delivers a laser beam with a certain force. During the operation, the doctor controls the radiation power and its nature. By nature, it can be point or impulsive.
The laser beam does not affect the soft tissue, the effect is only on the desired damaged area. Laser cauterization of vessels in the nose eliminates further bleeding. During the procedure, the patient is forbidden to move his head and talk. The surgeon monitors breathing, it must be carried out according to the rules.
Laser surgery benefits
Does laser surgery have advantages? Of course it does, and they are as follows:
- damage to soft tissues in the nasal cavity is excluded;
- direct elimination of the causes of the common cold, and not the symptoms of this phenomenon;
- bleeding wounds do not remain in the nose;
- the possibility of infection is excluded;
- the effectiveness of getting rid of a chronic runny nose is noted;
- tissues in the nasal cavity are quickly restored after surgery;
- slight tingling during the procedure, not pain;
- the duration of the procedure is minimal, it does not require special training.
Silver Cauterization
The treatment of any disease should be aimed primarily at eliminating the causes that cause it. In the case of bleeding, another effective treatment is cauterization of blood vessels in the nose with silver. This procedure is almost painless and quick.
The corrected area is treated with a solution, and a thin crust is formed at this place, which falls off after a few days on its own. It is forbidden to touch the crust, if it is torn off, then the risk of resuming bleeding is great. The physician must ensure that the solution does not get on the patient’s skin and clothing. Silver nitrate cannot be removed from the tissue, but spots will disappear from the skin.
Rehabilitation after surgery
Prevention of repeated nosebleeds is a surgical procedure, after which a recovery period and constant monitoring by the otolaryngologist are necessary. Hemostatic therapy is carried out immediately after surgery, when a person has a tampon or hemostatic sponge in his nose .
Depending on the situation, a blood infusion and treatment of high blood pressure may be performed. Absorbent tampons and hemostatic sponges are in the nose of a person from 3 to 7 days. After the set period, the tampons are removed, and the patient should be under the constant supervision of the attending physician. The recovery period involves the use of vasoconstrictor drugs, as well as drugs that accelerate the healing process of tissues. In addition, the patient must daily monitor the moisture of the mucous membranes in the nose.
Restrictions after the procedure
The patient is allowed to go home in the absence of deviations after surgery. In the first few hours after surgery, the patient is under close medical supervision.
In order to avoid negative consequences after the operation, the patient should not use medications that are aimed at treating ENT diseases, it is forbidden to visit the bathhouse and sauna, as well as to drink alcoholic beverages.
Cauterization of blood vessels in the nose has more positive than negative aspects. With a laser procedure, the effect is noticeable immediately, which is confirmed by numerous reviews.
Prevention of nosebleeds
Prevention of frequent nosebleeds involves first identifying the factors contributing to this ailment (curvature of the nasal septum, high blood pressure or tumors). In addition, dry air, vasoconstrictive drugs, injuries and pressure surges can be associated causes of bleeding.
Preventive measures include all possible actions and means aimed at combating the causes of the pathological process. It is necessary in every possible way to minimize the risk of nosebleeds.
If you are tormented by frequent nosebleeds, it is better to conduct certain observations before visiting a specialist and determine what time of the day the blood usually goes, whether there are clots in it, what is the frequency of such bleeding. And most importantly - you need to monitor whether the blood stops itself or your actions are needed for this.