What is the mandatory preparation of citizens for military service? OBZH (grade 11) involves a detailed acquaintance with the theory regarding military service. Russian high school students acquire practical skills during military training sessions.
Training Options
The entire preparation of Russians for military service is divided into two groups: voluntary and compulsory.
For the second case, it is expected to obtain certain information in the defense sphere, conduct a medical examination and examination, as well as carry out medical and health measures.
life safety fundamentals
For the full and timely preparation of modern schoolchildren in the framework of educational institutions, an OBJ course is conducted. It contains mandatory preparation of citizens for military service, military training is organized. Medical examinations of schoolchildren are organized by doctors: a neurologist, therapist, surgeon, dentist, otolaryngologist. If such events are not possible at the place of residence, high school students are sent for examinations to regional centers. Special commissions created for registering citizens on military records provide information on the suitability (unsuitability) of citizens of draft age to fulfill their civic duty.
Features of compulsory training
Mandatory preparation of a citizen for military service provides for a number of measures:
- acquisition of initial information in the field of defense;
- training on basic issues of military service in a municipal, state or non-state educational institution of general education, vocational schools;
- the implementation of military-patriotic education;
- conducting medical examinations and examinations;
- health-improving measures;
- training in the direction of the military commissariat of sergeants, sailors, soldiers.
This activity is carried out in the framework of the implementation of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation regarding military duty.
Mandatory Training Periods
Mandatory preparation of citizens for military service is divided into two periods.
First, work is carried out with citizens of pre-draft age, to which persons correspond until the time of initial registration.
The second period is the mandatory preparation of citizens for military service of persons of draft age who are registered, but have not yet been sent to the place of subsequent military service.
Features of work
At the first stage, mandatory preparation of citizens for military service does not provide for the development of psychological qualities that are necessary for life in small groups, the identification of individual capabilities and inclinations, and the improvement of physical health.
Activities in the second period of preparation become more focused.
Conscripts are introduced to the theoretical aspects of conscription service, the psychological qualities that military personnel must possess. Having received a theoretical basis about the upcoming service, the conscript plans individual training activities aimed at the successful implementation of a specific military specialty.
There is a division of posts and specialties, staffed from foremen, sergeants, sailors into classes: driver’s, observation and communications, operator’s, technological, and special purposes.
Volunteer training
If the mandatory preparation of citizens for military service provides for the upbringing of the qualities that will be required for the service, without fail, then on a voluntary basis, citizens can engage in applied sports, learn military registration specialties. As a voluntary preparation for military service, it is also possible to train cadets (students) in the military departments of technical schools, colleges, and universities.
Note that the mandatory preparation of a citizen for military service provides for a set of measures approved at the legislative level, and there is no such need for voluntary training.
For male orphans in our country, an option is provided for preferential enrollment in cadet corps. Admission is carried out only on the basis of a medical examination, such minor citizens are exempted from entrance examinations.
Various sports
For what purpose was the OBJ course introduced in educational institutions? Mandatory preparation of citizens for military service, the formation of high school students in a positive attitude towards the army, became the main reasons for the appearance of this discipline in schools.
In addition to the educational process, a citizen can engage in one or several applied sports in order to achieve maximum preparation for the performance of his military duties.
For example, to make helicopters, planes, rockets, to control them, participating in various competitions in aircraft modeling sports.
These types of sports also include tourism on motor boats, rowing, competitions in sports, racing, and production vehicles.
Some measures of compulsory preparation of citizens for military service are currently being held in conjunction with competitions in sea all-around, hang gliding and motorcycle sports.
Obtaining military accounting specialties
The content of the mandatory preparation of citizens for military service includes theoretical questions, and practice is important for improving the skills acquired. It is for this reason that citizens who will be called up for military service are offered a variety of additional educational programs, according to which they can receive a military specialty. After completing the course, citizens receive a special document giving them the right to choose the type of troops (service) according to the acquired specialty.
In addition to special educational centers, military music, Suvorov schools, and cadet corps successfully cope with this task.
They carry out compulsory preparation of citizens for military service. OBZH (grade 11) of secondary schools with specialized cadet classes also includes a number of issues that allow psychological preparation of high school students for service in the armed forces of our country.
Particular attention during training is given to the formation in students of love for military service, moral and psychological qualities, discipline, patriotism.
Students of the Russian Federation, whose training is carried out in full-time educational programs at state universities, have the right to undergo training for the army in military departments operating on the basis of the educational institution. The condition for training is the presence of a positive opinion of the medical commission on the student’s health status.
It involves the inclusion of military training as a separate training course in the basic plan of an educational institution. It consists of theoretical material, a practical course, training camps carried out on the basis of military training grounds, special training centers.
Military fees
Programs aimed at training reserve officers, called military training. During their conduct, students are called cadets. The duration of such events for all types of military specialties, in addition to aviation, is 30 days. In the learning process, students periodically pass tests, and after completing a full theoretical preparation, they pass exams. They are accepted by special examination commissions that are created at training centers, in military units, or at an educational institution. This is the mandatory preparation of citizens for military service. Briefly about what cadets should be able to do, teachers tell them during lectures and practical classes.
As the beginning of military service for conscripts, the day of departure to the place indicated in the order of the military commissariat is considered.
Features of medical commissions
According to Russian law, prior to initial military registration, all citizens of a male country are subject to a mandatory medical examination. The ministries of defense and health have developed specific requirements, according to which the draft commissions decide on the suitability (unsuitability) of a conscript to serve in military units.
In addition to examination by doctors, a fluorographic examination of the chest organs, urine and blood tests are carried out. During the examination of the citizen, the measurement of body weight and height is also carried out.
Assessment of the physical and mental state of a citizen is carried out in a certain category. Group “A” assumes fitness, “B” means fitness with some limitations, “C” means temporary unsuitability for service, and “D” means fitness.
Conclusion
To form a positive attitude among capable male citizens in our country, a special system of measures has been formed. The coordinator of all programs and training fees held by secondary and higher educational institutions are the military departments.
Recently, activities to form a sense of patriotism in the younger generation of Russia have been significantly intensified. To this end, specialized cadet classes are being formed on the basis of ordinary comprehensive schools, and military-patriotic clubs are being created in the system of additional education. These well-thought-out actions give positive results and increase the prestige of youth in military service.