The aircraft complex named after Ilyushin S.V. is one of the oldest enterprises creating the best aircraft in Russia. Merits to the state were repeatedly highly appreciated. OKB was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Battle Red Banner, the Red Banner of Labor and the Order of the October Revolution. The design bureau continues to work on the creation of flight equipment taking into account modern technologies.
First design success
The aviation complex named after Ilyushin S.V. was founded in January 1933. First of all, a design bureau was created, the work of which began at factory No. 39. The design bureau's tasks included the development of a closed production cycle and the design of light and serial aircraft, including for military purposes. The head of the bureau was appointed S.V. Ilyushin. The team, who set about developing the TsKB-26 bomber, consisted of seven designers. By May 1934, staff had increased to 54 people.
In the first bomber, designers laid the latest developments, which compares it favorably with the machines in service. Technical documentation and a prototype were issued as soon as possible. The Ilyushin V.S. aviation complex tested the TsKB-26 model in the summer of 1934, and an experienced test pilot V.K. Kokkinaki sat at the helm. The test results showed not just good performance, but the outstanding achievements of the entire team. In the future, this machine won many competitions, setting world records in speed and range.
Serial support for the army and records
After successful tests of the first bomber, S.V. Ilyushin was instructed to ensure the release of the second generation of TsKB-30 aircraft with an all-metal construction. Tests of the experimental model took place in 1936, and the aircraft received serial production under the name DB-3.
Its production began three plants located in Moscow, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Voronezh. The new model bombers gradually replaced obsolete DB-3 models in the ground regiments of the Air Force. A separate type of torpedo bombers, called DB-3T, was created for the fleet.
Confirmation that the aviation complex named after S.V. Ilyushin created at that time the best example of flying equipment are two long-haul flights of a car made without an intermediate landing. One of them went along the route Moscow - the Far East, the second paved the way through the Atlantic Ocean to North America, with a length of 8 thousand kilometers.
For the front
Before the war began, in 1939, the aircraft complex named after Ilyushin S.V. tested the improved model of the DB-3F bomber. The car's aerodynamic qualities were improved , the engine received more power, and the flight speed increased to 445 kilometers per hour. The plane, loaded with bomb cargo with a total mass of 1 ton, made a flight with a range of up to 3.5 thousand kilometers.
With the outbreak of war, all models of aircraft that were released into a series of aviation complex to them. Ilyushin, were involved in the active conduct of battles. Already in August 1941, the DB-3 vehicles of the Baltic Air Fleet bombed Berlin. In 1942, the bombers of the first released series received the designation IL-4. The battle of Stalingrad in 1942 was attended by 480 long-range bombers. During the war, the IL-4 became the main type of vehicles used in combat operations.
Flying tank
By 1941, the Ilyushin Design Bureau was developing technical documentation and a prototype of a “flying tank” - a two-seater armored aircraft. By its bombarding and reconnaissance characteristics, it was much more effective than other analogues of other design bureaus. The prototype was tested by V.K. Kokkinaki in October 1939, but the results were unsatisfactory.
It took a lot of refinement, in particular, it was necessary to improve the AM038 engine, re-equipping the cockpit for one pilot instead of two, and the military also required the addition of weapons. In 1940, the aircraft was named Il-2 and was launched into serial production on the basis of the Voronezh aircraft plant. Before the war, almost 250 attack aircraft were launched at the enterprise.
Five Il-2 aircraft conducted their first battle on June 27, 1941, attacking a convoy of German equipment in the area of the city of Bobruisk. In the same period, the production of Ilov decreased due to the mass evacuation of factories, after Stalin's intervention, the situation smoothed out, and production capacities began to increase. By the time the battle began on the Kursk Bulge, more than 1 thousand Il-2 aircraft were arriving at the front every month. Over the years of the war, more than 3.6 thousand cars were built.
Modifications IL-2
Participation in military operations demonstrated some of the shortcomings of the IL-2, in particular, the insecurity of its tail during enemy attacks on the aircraft. They decided to eliminate the shortcoming by returning to a two-seat cockpit, where the shooter became the second participant in the flight, for whom a large-caliber machine gun was installed by ME Berezin. This modification of the attack aircraft laid the foundation for a new kind of aircraft.
On the basis of the improved IL-2, the aircraft complex named after Ilyushin S.V. launched the maneuverable armored attack aircraft Il-10, which was widely used in the last period of the war with Germany and took part in military operations in Japan. In the Soviet army, the IL-10 was in service until 1950, serial production was discontinued in 1947. More than 30% of the entire flight crew of vehicles involved in the Great Patriotic War, designed and launched a series of aviation complex to them. S.V. Ilyushin.
Passenger transport
For some time the design bureau was evacuated (October 1941 - April 1942) in the city of Kuibyshev. Upon his return to Moscow, S. V. Ilyushin was appointed to the post of director and chief designer of aircraft factory No. 240. After a turning point in the war in favor of the USSR, Ilyushin set about developing passenger air transport. The first aircraft for mass transportation was the IL-12. Its operation began in 1946, in addition to the passenger model, it was built in a military transport modification.
In 1950, the aviation complex named after S.V. Ilyushin (Moscow) launched the mass production of the Il-14 passenger plane with qualitatively improved characteristics obtained after analyzing the operational data of the Il-12. The new model was produced in 14 versions by three countries - the USSR, East Germany, Czechoslovakia. The plane was used for mass passenger traffic and scientific expeditions. Subsequently, the OKB worked on the creation of passenger, specialized air transport and aircraft for the Air Force.
Passenger and special transport
The aviation complex named after Ilyushin S.V. at different times released a line of passenger air transport:
- IL-12 (4 modifications) was in operation from 1947 to 1968. In China, aircraft were deployed until 1988. For all the time 663 units were produced.
- IL-14 (14 modifications). It was in operation from 1950 to 2005. The circulation was 1348 aircraft (according to some sources, the figure exceeds 3800 units).
- IL-18 (24 modifications, including military transport, assault, educational, research, etc.). The total number of cars produced is more than 800 units, the operating time is 1959-2002. Several copies continue flights in Africa, Somalia, Ukraine, North Korea and others.
- IL-62 (10 modifications). 289 aircraft were issued, of which 81 were sent for export. Years of operation - from 1965 to the present.
- IL-86 (4 modifications). Used from 1976 to the present, a total of 106 aircraft have been produced.
- IL-96-300 (9 modifications). Operated from 1988 to the present, the number of vehicles released is 30 aircraft.
- IL-114 (12 modifications of passenger and special vehicles). In operation since 2001, serial production continues in Tashkent, mass production is being prepared at the MiG plant in the period 2020-2021. Working machines are used on domestic airlines.
- IL-114 (12 modifications). It has been flying since 2001. Since 2017, it has been produced at the TAPOiCh plant. Aircraft are operated on domestic airlines.
- Four-seater aircraft IL-103. Available since 1994, is currently in operation.
To date, JSC “SV Ilyushin Aviation Complex” has produced the following aircraft:
- Nine models of bombers.
- Eight assault aircraft models.
- Three aircraft models for the Navy (anti-submarine, torpedo-bearing).
- Transport aircraft of three models.
- Specialized aircraft 5 models based on transport.
- Nine models of passenger transport and three specialized models based on passenger aircraft.
- There are 4 models under development (IL-112, IL-114, superheavy PTS "Ermak", modification IL-76 (transporter)).
Company at the present stage
For the entire period of existence of the aviation complex to them. S.V. Ilyushin (Moscow) has developed more than two hundred types of aircraft with numerous modifications. The serial production of IL-branded aircraft with a total number of more than 60 thousand units intended for the Air Force, passenger transportation and highly specialized use.
Since 1990, OKB has changed its form of ownership, becoming an open joint-stock company - IL OJSC. Since 1995, V.V. Livanov has acted as the General Director and General Designer. The main activities are the design of cargo, transport and military transport aircraft.
Jobs
The company is constantly evolving, creating jobs and improving working conditions. Today, there is a certain permanent list of specialists who will always be welcome at the Design Bureau and in the production departments of several branches.
The aviation complex named after S.V. Ilyushin has the following job vacancies:
- Working specialties (collectors, riveters, etc.).
- Designers and engineers (design engineers, designers with a specialization, etc.).
- Administrative staff in the accounting department (accountants, economists, etc.).
The company pays great attention to the training of professional personnel, for which a program has been developed to attract talented youth and retrain existing professionals. OJSC "Aviation complex named after S.V. Ilyushin" participates in the state program of targeted recruitment of applicants to higher educational institutions. The basic educational institutions are MAI, MIPT, MPEI, MSTU. Bauman, MIREA, where you can get an education from the federal budget with an eye on further work in the design bureau of Ilyushin.
Useful information
The aviation complex named after S.V. Ilyushin in Moscow is located on Leningradsky Prospekt in building No. 45, letter “G”.
Branches and representative offices of OKB are located in the cities:
- City Zhukovsky (Moscow region), a branch.
- The village of Kamenka (Moscow region), a training center.
- Ulyanovsk city, branch.
- The city of Voronezh, a branch.
- Ryazan city, a branch.
- Tashkent city, company representative office.
You can familiarize yourself with the history of the company and its achievements in detail at the OKB Museum located on Leningradsky Prospekt.