The subject and method of civil law are closely related, since the features of the second are determined by the essence of the first. Also, their formation is influenced by the social structure, economic relations, political system.
The subject of civil law is the existing property and non-property personal relations. The latter are characterized by the fact that their participants have equal rights, free will and are equally independent.
Based on the definition of the subject of civil law and the operation of the law of market value, its method is characterized by the orientation of the restoration, that is, the value of the property, if necessary, is compensated.
The methods of civil law are based on this concept: regulation of non-property and property relations. These relations must necessarily be based on the complete autonomy of the will, equality of their participants and the ability to independently dispose of their property.
The subject and method of civil law indicate what this branch of science governs and how it does it. And it regulates mainly those relations, the object and content of which are material values and goods that have a monetary equivalent (that is, property).
Thus, the subject and method of civil law as a branch of science cover the main area of society (economic) and important areas of activity of its members.
Civil law governs the main types of property, its content, the procedure for its implementation and the basis for this, as well as relations of civil turnover and other relations associated with property in all areas of society. Moreover, the regulation of these relations is carried out based on the right of subjects to independently dispose of their property, on the autonomy of their will and equality. Such management fully coincides with the rules of the prevailing market economy and a democratic system.
At the same time, civil law also addresses issues of non-property personal relations, while they are not necessarily related to property. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation refers to them relations in the field of scientific discoveries and authorship, and others that are also built on the basis of autonomy of will, equality and freedom to dispose of property, that is, on everything that meets the method of civil law.
One of the main areas regulated by civil law is the activity of an entrepreneur. In the code, it is defined as such, which is carried out independently, at its own risk, and is aimed at obtaining from the sale of goods, performing a certain type of work or using property of stable profit by those persons who are registered as entrepreneurs in accordance with the procedure established by law.
The subject and method of civil law also covers, to some extent, relations known as organizational. And it is to the extent that they are needed for the establishment and functioning of relations, both property and non-property personal. Including in the field of entrepreneurs. Their importance is manifested when it comes to the conclusion of contracts, registration of inheritance or power of attorney.
Some sources refer to the subject of civil law and corporate relations (that is, those that take shape inside a company or economy). But nevertheless, existing signs indicate that relations within corporations cannot be studied and regulated by the principles of civil law. Since their basis is moral and official, it is logical to include them in business law, and not in civil law.