In accordance with the current system of pension provision, entities that have completed their labor activities accumulate savings and an insurance pension. The latter is of 3 types: disability, loss of breadwinner and old age. Assignment and payment of savings may be in the form of a lump-sum or urgent deduction or in the form of a funded pension.
Conditions for obtaining the right to insured amounts
The legislation establishes the following requirements:
- Achieving 55 years for women, 60 for men. Some categories of pension may be assigned ahead of schedule.
- At least 15 years of experience (insurance). When determining it, the transitional provisions of Article 35 of the Federal Law No. 400 shall be taken into account.
- The minimum number of annual individual pension ratios (IPC ). Since 2025, it will be at least 30.
For citizens replacing government posts, from January 1. 2017, the retirement age is increased. Every year it will increase by six months to 63 years for women, 65 for men.
Many citizens are interested in what an individual pension coefficient is , how it is determined and what it affects. Detailed explanations on this issue were given by the FIU. We will get acquainted with the explanations of the Fund in more detail.
What does the value of the individual pension coefficient mean?
IPC is, simply put, retirement points. They converted the pension rights formed for each citizen who completed his labor activity. An individual pension coefficient (IPC ) is taken into account when calculating an insurance pension.
Application features
The legislation establishes the maximum value of an individual pension coefficient. IPC depends on the assessed and paid contributions to the OPS system (compulsory insurance) and the length of service.
For each year of work, subject to accrual by the employer or self-payment of contributions by the insured, the latter shall have pension rights. They are presented in the form of an individual pension coefficient. IPC in 2021 for a year can be no more than 10, in 2017 - 8.26. These limits are set by the Government.
Explanations
The method of pension provision under the OPS system affects the calculation of an individual pension coefficient. IPC in the case of the formation of only the insurance part can reach 10, since in this case all contributions are directed only to it.
If a citizen chooses both insurance and funded pensions, then the maximum number of points will be 6.25. Of contributions, 27.5% will be allocated to pension savings.
Persons 50 years and younger
If a citizen before December 31, 2015 chose the option with the funded and insurance parts of the pension under the OPS system, he can refuse the savings and send 6% of the contributions to the insurance part.
Persons 50 years and younger to whom contributions will be accrued by the employer after 01.01.2014 for the first time, get the opportunity to choose any option of security within 5 years from the date of the first accrual. If a citizen has not reached 23 years, the period increases until the end of the year in which he turns 23 years old.
Features of choice
When determining the method of collateral, it is necessary to take into account that the state is guaranteed to increase the value of the insurance part due to indexation carried out by the state annually.
As for the funded pension, the funds are invested in private pension funds or in the capital, chosen by the citizen himself. Profitability will depend on the activities of the fund or the management company. Accordingly, there is a risk of loss. In such a situation, only insurance premiums are guaranteed. The cumulative part of the indexation is not exposed.
Citizens born in 1966 and older can only choose an insurance pension.
Important point
Between 2016 and 2019 regardless of the method of pension provision under the OPS system, citizens have pension rights exclusively to an insurance pension in accordance with the total amount of contributions. Accordingly, the limit value of the individual pension coefficient (IPC) of the insured person will be the same for any option.
Accrual rules
Regulatory acts provide for the following formula for calculating a pension with an individual pension coefficient:
IPK x STIPK + FV , in which:
- IPC - the number of points accumulated by the time the payment is assigned.
- STIPK - the value of each point.
- PV - a fixed amount.
The last parameter is indexed annually. As of February 1, 2017, the fixed payment amounted to 4,805.11 rubles.
The cost of an individual pension coefficient is also subject to indexation. IPC for 2017 is 78.58 rubles.
Accordingly, these parameters are substituted into the formula. Consider an example with an individual retirement rate of 8.26:
Insurance pension = 78.58 x 8.26 + 4805.11 = 5454.18 rubles.
Allowable Points
When determining the total amount of points, the annual values of the individual pension coefficient of the insured person are taken into account . IPK will depend on the size of the income of the citizen, from which contributions were deducted.
In addition, the following indicators are provided for periods:
- Stay in the armed forces on call - 1.8.
- Care for the firstborn up to 1.5 liters. - 1.8, for the second to the same age - 3.6, for the third, as well as the fourth - 5.4.
- Care by an able-bodied citizen for a disabled person 1 gr., Disabled child, a person aged 80 liters. - 1.8.
- Living spouses of employees who are in the Armed Forces under contract, in areas where they were not able to carry out labor activities, but not more than 5 liters. - 1.8.
- Living spouses of employees of consular and diplomatic institutions, permanent missions to international organizations, trade missions in foreign countries, representative offices of federal executive authorities and state bodies with them, representative offices of state institutions abroad, not more than 5 liters. - 1.8.
- Activities / services provided for in Federal Law No. 126 for certain categories - 1.8. It is, in particular, about persons who served in the Armed Forces, the Department of Internal Affairs, the State Service, bodies that control the circulation of prohibited substances (narcotic, psychotropic), other structures, as well as citizens who were not subject to the rules of the OPS during their activities, fired from 01 jan. 2002 and who did not receive the right to retirement benefits for years of service, disability, monthly life support, which is financed from the federal budget.
Additional guarantees for IPC
The value of the individual pension coefficient of the insured citizen depends on the time of applying for the accrual of security. A person may apply later than the occurrence of pension rights. For each year, premium coefficients are applied to the insurance part.
For example, if a person applies for payment after 5 l. after reaching the required age, the subject will receive a fixed amount in an increased amount - by 36%, and the total value of the IPC will rise by 45%. If this happens after 10 liters, the PV will more than double, and the total score will be 2.32 rubles.
Persons with disabilities 1 gr., Persons aged 80 years and older, citizens living / working in the Far North or in regions equated to it receive an increased amount of insurance pension due to a higher amount of fixed accrual or the use of increasing (so-called "northern" ") odds.
Calculation Example
Suppose a citizen born in 1995 made a choice in favor of an insurance pension (16% of contributions go to it). At the moment, he works and receives 19 thousand rubles. (excluding taxes). Using the formula above, you can determine the amount of contributions paid in 2016:
19 thousand p. x 12 x 0.16 = 36,480 rubles.
The value of contributions to the maximum taxable base (796 thousand rubles) is equal to:
796 thousand p. x 0.16 = 127360 rubles.
Define the number of IPC:
36480/127360 x 10 = 2.864 points.
The obtained value is the number of points for 2016 only. For other periods, a calculation is also performed, and the obtained values are summed up.
Conclusion
In general, as practice has shown, there is no difficulty in determining the number of points and subsequent calculation based on their amounts payable. Everyone who has decided on the option of future security may not worry about their financial condition.
Legislation, of course, may be amended. However, they will not be aimed at worsening the situation of the population, as this is expressly prohibited by applicable standards.