Labor rationing is a tool in the field of personnel management. It serves to determine the required results and labor costs, the required number, the ratio between the number of employees and the equipment they serve, personnel of various categories. Its value is great, because in any area of business people are the main resource, which, as a rule, determines the final result. Rationing of labor provides several ways of measurement. Their application is determined by the specific conditions of production and its purpose.
In particular, there are norms of service time, output, number, ratio. The first type is the duration of an operation or the manufacture of a product (in minutes, hours, etc.). The second is the amount of equipment that an employee (several people) can service for a certain time. Production rate - the amount of work that needs to be done in an hour or shift.
If it is necessary to determine the number of employees of a specific vocational qualification needed to carry out certain tasks or functions, the fourth type is used. Rationing of labor also helps to determine the optimal ratio of managers, workers, specialists (fifth type). In this direction, the number of subordinates per head can also be regulated.
Rationing of labor allows you to set specific (measurable) goals for the work shift. A certain amount that people must fulfill, for which they, in the end, will receive remuneration for their work. For staff on a time-wage basis, this is a normalized task, for pieceworkers a work order. The use of this tool has a positive effect on labor efficiency and the rational distribution of responsibilities.
All norms can be divided into technically and comprehensively substantiated, experimental and statistical. Experimental statistics are obtained on the basis of accumulated data for a certain period, they do not always exactly correspond with the organizational and technical conditions in a particular place where they are planned to be used. Technical regulation of labor uses analytical methods, in this case, the result is more accurate and allows you to identify all the reserves of production. Comprehensively justified take into account the influence of all factors affecting the result of the work: organizational, social, psychophysiological, legal, sanitary-hygienic, economic, etc.
Rationing of labor also affects legal aspects. They are stipulated in chapter 22 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. In particular, there is a statutory procedure for introducing, replacing and revising standards, which includes notifying employees, creating organizational and technical conditions, and training. The reason for these processes are changes in production that directly or indirectly affect the labor process. The standards must be changed in case of updating equipment, tooling, tools, the introduction of advanced technologies, automation, rationalization and mechanization of operations, improving the organization of jobs.