Fire briefing and its significance should not be underestimated, since not only the welfare of the enterprise or home, but also human lives, can depend on this. This simple science is required to know every employee from the first days of admission to the enterprise.
Types of fire drill
Today, the Russian Federation has a decree issued back in 2007. In accordance with this document, the following types of briefings are distinguished:
- introductory and primary;
- repeated and unplanned;
- target.
To control the performance of any of these briefings, there is a special “Logbook for the registration of fire-fighting instructions”, in which, with each training or explanation given, an appropriate record is made, which is necessarily fixed by the signatures of the instructor and fire safety specialist. The presence of this document and the correctness of its compilation is controlled by fire inspectors during inspections at enterprises.
Introductory training
Introductory fire training is specifically designed for:
- Newly arrived employees who undergo training before starting any action or work, regardless of what kind of education they have and whether they have studied this issue before.
- Workers who came to seasonal work.
- Students of educational institutions who were sent to practice.
- Persons specially sent to an educational institution for training.
To carry out such training at the enterprise, a special position must be approved by order of the head, with the assignment of all the relevant duties and responsibilities to him, which is called an instructor or fire safety inspector. If necessary, external specialists or employees of special institutions involved in training issues may also be involved for additional familiarization of employees. To conduct such classes, it is necessary to organize a special room in which there will be educational visual aids, as well as teaching materials.
Drafting an introductory lesson
Introductory briefing may vary depending on the direction of production, however, it must always comply with all established norms and rules prescribed in the legislation and general fire safety instructions . The program of this lesson drawn up and prepared by the inspector must be approved and certified by order of the head of the enterprise or institution. The duration of such a briefing may be different, but it must necessarily cover all security issues for newly arrived employees. Introductory training in its final part should end with the practical application of skills in the training zone in order to consolidate and verify the level of knowledge acquired during the lesson.
Primary on-the-job training
Each newly hired employee is required to undergo fire training at the place of his future work. Such training should take place:
- all new arrivals and hired;
- employees transferred from one unit to another;
- workers changing the direction of their work;
- seconded from educational institutions;
- seasonal workers;
- Specialists performing emergency work on the territory of the enterprise;
- students who come to practice.
Carrying out fire training should be developed and provided by the inspector or a special department created for this purpose, and approved by the head of the enterprise. During primary training, classes are held individually with each employee, during which practical skills are developed in using primary fire extinguishing means, practicing actions in case of emergency situations, rules that must be observed if evacuation is necessary, and assistance to victims of fire.
Essential knowledge for employees
Each employee of the enterprise must be able to use fire extinguishing means if necessary, to know where the evacuation exits are and how to get to them, to be able to provide the necessary medical care to people who have been burned. Initial fire training can be carried out with a small group of people who work on the same equipment within the same work area.
Induction Fire Briefing Program
Questions that must be present in the introductory briefing and are the basis for its preparation can be supplemented depending on the direction of the enterprise and the need for additional knowledge for each individual officer. The list for compulsory education:
- general information about the organization and its features in matters of fire and explosion safety;
- fire safety and its understanding;
- duties and responsibilities assigned to employees for compliance with all fire safety requirements;
- familiarization with the current fire regime at the enterprise;
- familiarization with a certified founder or company manager of the order to comply with the fire regime, as well as the entire list of available instructions for the official;
- a list of all possible dangers that may arise at the workplace, in the workshop, in residential premises, in the workplace;
- general knowledge and applied fire prevention measures during a fire;
- knowledge of primary fire fighting systems and the ability to use them, as well as knowledge of their location on the territory of the organization;
- become familiar with and be able to apply in case of danger knowledge of the availability of emergency exits and passages to them;
- knowledge of the primary methods of providing medical care in the event of an industrial accident.
Firefighting Journal
After conducting an introductory fire drill, the person responsible for this makes an entry in a special registration journal with the signature of the student and instructor certifying the fact of the drill.
Mandatory fields:
- the date;
- last name and initials of the instructed;
- position held by him;
- the name of the structural unit in which the student will work;
- surname and initials of the teacher;
- signatures of both parties.
Re-briefing
After conducting introductory and initial fire briefings by the person responsible for the training of personnel, re-training is carried out in accordance with the established schedule of classes, reviewed and approved by the head of the enterprise. Such classes can take place individually with each employee, or as part of small groups. The training program, as a rule, does not differ from the introductory and primary, but is only a reminder and consolidation of previously acquired knowledge.
An unscheduled section of knowledge is carried out at different periods of time, not necessarily with the notification of employees. Such activities are needed to control the acquired skills and the ability to use them in practice if necessary.
Target briefing
Targeted briefing is specially designed and carried out in case of:
- one-time work related to increased fire hazard risks;
- in the aftermath of an accident;
- in explosive industries;
- when conducting study tours in an educational institution;
- at the organization of various events associated with a large crowd of people.
Fire safety and knowledge of its rules, methods of using various primary fire fighting equipment and first aid methods for victims is what every person needs to know, regardless of whether he is an employee of any institution or a simple layman. Sometimes not only someone else’s life, but also your own may depend on owning such a store of knowledge. A person prepared for possible dangers reacts faster and more correctly in a critical situation, is able to suppress a sense of panic and help others around him and himself.