Parenteral administration is the introduction of drugs into the body by “bypassing” the digestive tract. As a rule, it is applied in cases when it is necessary to provide assistance immediately, you can even say that urgently. Most often, the term parenteral administration refers to the introduction of injections (injections) in various ways:
Intravenous - provides the fastest achievement of the expected effect (2-5 minutes). The amount of medication that needs to be administered depends on what the input will be made. A syringe is used up to 100 ml, a dropper is used over 100 ml.
Subcutaneous and intramuscular administration is used when the amount of the required drug is up to 10 ml. The effect is achieved after 10-30 minutes.
Intraarterial administration is used in cases where the action of the drug is necessary only on a specific organ, without affecting the rest of the body. With this method, drugs break down in the body at a very high speed.
Also for parenteral administration is the application to the skin of drugs in the form of creams and ointments, and instillation of a drop in the nose, and electrophoresis, and inhalation.
Parenteral Administration: Benefits
The main advantages with parenteral administration of drugs are the accuracy of the dosage and the speed of action of the drugs. After all, they enter directly into the bloodstream and, importantly, unchanged, unlike enteral (by mouth) administration.
When using parenteral administration, it is possible to treat people who are unconscious or very weak. By the way, for this type of patient or for those who have had a metabolic failure, parenteral nutrition is used . It is also based on the introduction of nutrients necessary for maintaining life (proteins, glucose, etc.). For many, parenteral nutrition is the so-called diet for metabolic disorders.
disadvantages
Mandatory presence of a medical professional. Although many people know how to do injections on their own, without resorting to the help of others.
The possibility of the penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the body during a skin puncture. Therefore, all instruments and solutions must be sterile, and the injection site is carefully treated with alcohol or, in extreme cases, alcohol-containing liquids (drinks or perfumes).
The appearance of bruises and bruises at the injection site. This consequence can be dealt with by applying compresses of alcohol diluted in half with water, or a broken cabbage leaf.
The possibility of embolism is the ingress of air bubbles into the vascular bed, which can lead to death. But with the right injection technique, the development of such a consequence is excluded.
Many people have had a pathological fear of injections since childhood, which may not go away even in adulthood.
But despite its many shortcomings, at the moment, parenteral administration is the most reliable and effective method of getting drugs into the human body. Therefore, if you have been given the choice to drink pills or inject injections, then you can safely choose the second, since its effectiveness is much higher. And you should not be afraid of injections or droppers, because sometimes only their use can save a person’s life.