It’s hard to meet someone who wouldn’t have moles. They can be either congenital or appear throughout life. A healthy adult can have up to one hundred specks of various shapes and sizes on the body, and their number can constantly change. Bothering you the appearance of moles on the body? The reasons for their formation and species will be considered in this article.
Definition
In medicine, a benign formation on the surface of the skin is called "pigmented nevus." Usually a mole does not pose a risk to human health. You should consult a doctor only in cases where the stain changes shape, size or any pain in this area is manifested.
Moles on the body are formed from pigment cells located between the inner and upper layers of the skin. Basically, they are inherited, therefore, if the parents have nevuses on the body, then their child will most likely also have them.
Kinds
Absolutely all moles differ from each other in their shape, size and color. They can be blue, red, brown, have a relief or smooth structure.
The shape and characteristics of moles are divided into the following types:
- Hemangiomas are moles of vascular origin. Most often, hanging and red moles of this species are found on the human body.
- Flat - these are spots formed in the upper layers of the dermis. They arise as a result of a specific accumulation of melanocytes. Such moles usually do not change in size and do not show activity under the influence of sunlight.
- Elevated (convex) - nevi of this category have a tuberous or smooth body, and their formation occurs in deep skin. The diameter of these spots rarely exceeds one centimeter, very often they can be covered with hairs.
- Blue ones are rare moles that stand out slightly on the body. Their hue ranges from dark blue to light blue. Such formations have a smooth, dense structure and can be of considerable size.
- Large pigmented spots - usually appear at birth and grow with the body throughout life.
The appearance of moles on the body: causes
Pigmentary nevi can appear in a person at any time, although it has been established that the majority of them occur before the age of 25 years. The most active growth is observed in the teenage period when the body is formed.
The causes of the appearance of moles in adults are diverse, and the main ones are:
- exposure to solar radiation;
- hormonal changes;
- mechanical damage to the skin;
- internal diseases of the body;
- infection of the surface of the dermis;
- hereditary predisposition.
Most often, the appearance of moles is stimulated by sunlight. Care should be taken to sunbathe people with white skin, as well as those who have more than 30 nevi on their bodies. The appearance of moles is associated with hormonal bursts in the body, which can occur during puberty, pregnancy, menopause. Moreover, during these periods, spots can both appear and disappear without a trace.
The appearance of red moles (angiomas)
Such formations are benign and are formed due to the accumulation of vascular cells of the dermis. Most often, they appear at birth and in children under the age of one year. In some cases, red moles are huge and represent a cosmetic defect.
The main reasons for the formation of this angioma include:
- use by a woman of certain medications during pregnancy;
- adverse environmental conditions;
- colds that the pregnant woman suffered in the first trimester of the gestational period.
Doctors do not consider red angioma as a malignant formation. The degeneration of this nevus into a dangerous oncological form is extremely rare. However, it is a red mole that can provoke a number of unpleasant pathologies, suppurations and contribute to the penetration of infection into the body.
If the angioma occupies a large area of ​​the body or is located in a place that is not protected from sunlight, it must be removed by surgical method or laser.
Mole features
In its structure, the nevi can be flat or rise several millimeters above the skin. A convex mole can cause discomfort, especially if it is in an uncomfortable place and is regularly worn by clothing. In this case, it is better to remove it.
The operation is carried out in the dermatologist’s office after a detailed examination of the spot and a study of the analysis. To independently remove any formation on the body is extremely dangerous and fraught with negative consequences.
Especially unpredictable is a red convex mole. Usually it is formed by mechanical damage to a blood vessel and is felt during palpation. It also refers to benign formations and often disappears on its own.
If you find a massive appearance of moles on the body, the causes may be of a different, rather, adverse nature. Basically, red nevi arise from hormonal disruptions, malfunctions of the pancreas, or radiation exposure.
Dangerous moles
Usually nevi do not pose a threat to health and do not cause pain. However, with abuse of the sun or with mechanical damage, they can degenerate into a malignant formation. The greatest danger is provided by the nevi of a blue tint, but according to doctors, the lion's share of oncological degenerations comes from ordinary brown moles.
You should pay attention if:
- the birthmark has changed appearance, it has acquired an asymmetric shape with blurred borders;
- around the nevus appeared an inflamed ring of bright color;
- suddenly changed the shade of a mole;
- its structure acquired relief, black nodules arose around the perimeter;
- nevus significantly increased in size and compacted;
- there was pain in the form of itching, burning, tension;
- cracks appeared on the surface of the mole;
- periodically the bleeding spot, hair loss is observed in this place.
Malignant moles can develop rapidly, therefore, if any suspicious symptom is detected, it is urgent to consult a doctor.
Melanomas
This type of formation is malignant and is formed from dermis cells producing melanin. Every year all over the world there is a high incidence of precisely this type of skin cancer. Melanomas are very dangerous tumors, as they have a pronounced tendency to reappearance and metastases. These malignant moles mainly develop at the site of the affected nevus.
The main symptoms of melanoma growth include a change in the shade and size of the mole, as well as painful sensations that intensify when pressed. Particular attention should be paid to the rapid increase in the spot. This may clearly indicate that is developing. melanoma. Mole can itch and bleed, causing a person discomfort and pain. Therefore, if any changes in the area of ​​nevus are detected, it is better to consult a specialist.
Be careful!
Pigmented nevi can form anywhere in the body. However, you should be careful if you have a mole on your back. Due to this arrangement, you will not immediately be able to notice a change in its structure or shape, therefore it is necessary to regularly conduct an examination by the mirror or consult a doctor.
The regular appearance of moles on the body, the causes of which are unknown to you, can be an alarming signal. Pay attention to your lifestyle: less under the scorching rays of the sun, eat right and try not to touch the nevus with details of clothes or shoes. At the slightest suspicion of mole activity, contact a specialist. A favorable resolution of any disease is its timely detection and proper treatment.