Genichesk is the Crimea? No. A typical port seaside town is located on the Azov coast. It is the district center of the Kherson region and is famous as the land of fishermen, shepherds, textile workers, winegrowers and farmers.
History of occurrence
The city of Genichesk was formed two hundred years ago on the still deserted shore of the Sea of Azov. Nearby were the development of salt. The name of the settlement came from the Tatar "dzhenichke", which means "thin".
According to the assumptions of archaeologists, in ancient times there was a fortress on the territory of the city. And even today, you can see the underground passages of the once magnificent structure, reaching four to five kilometers in length. The initial versions of the name of the city of Genichesk are Genichi, Enichi, Jenice.
Geographic data
Many people who are not familiar with the geographic location of this locality believe that the city is located on the territory of the Crimean peninsula. However, when you try to find it there, they fail. And no wonder. A map of the Crimea will not help navigate the location of the object of interest to us. Genichesk is located in the northwestern part of the Azov coast, or rather, at the confluence of the northernmost point of the Arabat spit and the Thin Strait (the latter is the connecting link between the Utlyuk estuary and Sivash). Although, in fairness, we note that there is a stone's throw to the Crimea.
This area was still inhabited by our distant ancestors. So, in the colonial cities of the northern Azov Sea life was in full swing already in the middle of the first century but AD.
The “Ptolemy Map of the Black Sea Coast” includes designations of Greek settlements on the northwestern coast of the Sea of Azov under the names Leyan and Acra. They were located next to the modern Genichesky. This fact is confirmed by the “Map of the Crimea and the seas washing it” compiled by A. Jenkinson in 1562. Subsequently, it was included in the first geographical atlas of A. Ortelia under the name "Spectacle of the earthly world" (1590). Right in the place where Genichesk is today, the map shows the settlement of Neontijos.
Archaeological puzzles
For several decades, local historians have been searching for the ruins of a Turkish or Crimean Tatar fortress in the territory where the city of Genichesk is now located. Currently, they have already managed to confirm the location of the military fortification erected during the Crimean Khanate, a little far from the village.
Evlia Celebi - a famous Turkish traveler - described the city fortress in his book. An entire chapter entitled “Praise to the beautiful eniške Castle” is devoted to a fortification with metal gates and a wooden roof, built by order of the Crimean Khan at the northern tip of the Arabat arrow in 1640.
Different owners
For centuries, representatives of different nationalities dominated the territory of the Sea of Azov. In the vast expanses of Eurasia, only Genichesk looked like a grain of sand. Is it Crimea? No. Although it is located only a couple of kilometers from the peninsula so interesting today many. As the importance of Russia grew, the attitude towards this small settlement also changed. Thanks to the efforts of more than one generation, the well-known path “from the Varangians to the Greeks” was revived, on which, among many others, the once-Russian fortress city Genichesk of the Kherson region was located.
The last two centuries, Tauris and the steppes adjacent to it have been the most important area of the southern borders of Russia. Genichesk, without a doubt, adequately played the role of a kind of border point.
Combat mission
Until the beginning of the twentieth century (during the Russian wars with the Turks), the city was a defensive, evacuation and food point of the country on the Azov coast. In 1853-1856 during the Crimean War, Genichesk provided effective opposition to the advancement of the opponent’s troops inland. He acted as a rear point, a place for the concentration of reserve troops and militia units of the Russian army. Serious food supplies for the defenders of Sevastopol were stored on its territory.
In May 1855, the Anglo-French fleet managed to break into the waters of the Sea of Azov. The defenders of Genichesk were in a difficult position - they had only two guns, an infantry battalion and two hundred Azov Cossacks. The ruined settlement burned ...
Long way from settlement to city
In 1903, the town of Genichesk acquired the status of a city. At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this settlement was famous for its grain, salt and fish trade. On the Chongar Peninsula, not far from the city, the famous Arnautka wheat was grown. It was intended for export. Ships from France, England and other distant countries moored at the local port.
Time passed, gradually Genichesk fully restored after the Crimean campaign. Due to its favorable location, it has become one of the main ports in the south of the country. The landowners of Azov actively used the opportunity to send wool, salt and bread abroad. Nevertheless, until the 1917 revolution, the city of Genichesk on the map of the Kherson region did not stand out among a dozen other small settlements. Nothing remarkable, except for wine stores, retail shops and vodka shops ...
Important Citizen
In 1913, the Zemsky doctor, Dmitry Ulyanov, who was brother to Vladimir Lenin, arrived in Genichesk from the Feodosia District. He was in close contact with local Bolshevik underground organizations. You can still find Lenin Street in the city.
Legendary events
Many Russians today are concerned about the question: "Genichesk is part of the Crimea?" Such curiosity is not surprising. Not only is this a well-known resort area, but it also has a very convenient geographical location. That is why this city has become the site of the organization of the Military Revolutionary Committee. This happened in 1918 (in early January), after the sailor Ptakhov arrived there with a group of sailors from Sevastopol. The committee consisted of the following persons: Mikhail Isakson, an experienced underground Bolshevik, the aforementioned Ptakhov, as well as the Bolshevik Kudrik. From this moment, historians begin the countdown of the transition of Genichesk to the side of the Soviet regime, although even before 1920 fights were fought on its territory with varying success. Such legendary personalities as Old Man Makhno, Frunze, Voroshilov, Wrangel, Budyonny and Blucher fought for their ideas on Sivash, the Arabat Spit and Perekop.
Valuable product
Not far from the city is the coast of Sivash. This system of small bays is fueled by Azov waters, however, in the summertime, under the influence of the sultry sun and winds, at least a billion cubic meters of water “disappears”. It is even more than coming from the sea. The water that remains is the richest highly concentrated salt solution. Advantageous properties of Sivash were also noticed by our distant ancestors - the salt industry in these parts is more than a thousand years old. The famous Chumatsky noble appeared in the time of Ancient Russia, and subsequently a valuable product was transported to Lithuania, Poland, the Far East, and even Egypt and Japan.
Golden sand
Many people, wondering where to go on vacation, are interested in: Genichesk is Crimea? No. However, there are also beautiful coasts. They are great places to relax and enjoy the sea. The city has several wonderful sandy beaches. The entrance to the water is gentle - the first hundred to two hundred meters you need to go in shallow water.
The main resort attraction of Genichesk is the Arabat Spit, which is a narrow strip of land, extending from the city to the sea for more than a hundred kilometers. Its surface is flat, and the coast is literally cut by picturesque bays and shallow coves. Numerous resorts, children's camps and tourist camps are hidden in the shade of poplar and maple groves.
Ninety kilometers from Genichesk is Askania Nova - a well-known reserve. On its territory operates a research institute named. Ivanova. There live unique animals brought from different parts of the planet, and plantations of unusual tree species and shrubs grow. In addition, it was in this conservation area that the only part of the virgin steppe, covered with gray feather grass, was preserved in the whole Ukraine.
The state of the transport system
Genichesk is the Crimea? No. But along the Arabatsky arrow you can get to the Kerch Peninsula. Bridges were erected across the Promoin and Tonky straits. From the village of Strelkovoye to Genichesk can be reached by asphalt and concrete road. The latter was laid out from the slabs of the now inactive genic airfield. Off-road suddenly begins near the entrance to the village. Rifle. This stretch of track is deservedly compared with a comb or washing board, and all because it is cut by transverse ridges of five to eight centimeters in height. The distance between them is about 30 cm.
In the southern part (from the Crimean Peninsula) between the villages of Solyanoye and Kamenskoye there is a sandy road strewn with crushed stone, with small elements of a "comb". Due to the unsatisfactory condition, the transport connection through it is not established. To conquer this section of the road, only road travelers and local residents decide.
Only a few route flights have been developed from Strelkovoy to Kherson and Genichesk. We can say that the passenger transport network is not developed here. Most of those who want to relax in these picturesque places have to use personal vehicles.
Conclusion
If you are interested in archeology and want to have a good rest, go to Genichesk. Ukraine boasts beautiful resorts, and this city is no exception. It has many pensions and resorts, in addition, you can stay in the private sector.