What is chromatid? Cell division is essential for the life of a multicellular organism. In the end, we were all created from one single cell, which was shared again and again. During this process, certain transformations in the eukaryotic cells called mitosis and meiosis also occur with the nucleus. Chromatids are copies of chromosomes that were created before nuclear fission.
Variability within a view
When it comes to evolution, genetic diversity deserves special attention. In meiosis (the process of nuclear fission), a cell is formed from haploid gametes - the sperm and egg. Genetic diversity is increasing in two main directions. First, homologous chromosomes are randomly divided into daughter cells, thus many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes arise. Homologous recombination (sequence exchange) is the second way to increase genetic diversity.
What are chromatids: definition
During cell division, these duplicates connect to each other in an area called the centromere. After the United sister chromatids are separated from each other in the anaphase of mitosis, each of them gets a new name - daughter chromosomes. What is chromatid in biology? In scientific terms, this is 1 out of 2 nucleoprotein filaments formed during the doubling of chromosomes that occurs during cell division. They make up half of two identical copies of replicated chromosomes.
Chromatid formation
Chromatin is DNA that is wound around proteins, thus forming spiral fibers. It is from them that chromatids are formed. Prior to replication, the chromosome appears as a single-stranded chromatid. After replication, it takes on the familiar X-shape. Each human cell contains 23 chromosome pairs, a total of 46 chromosomes.
Conclusion
Chromatide is usually called any of the two copies of the DNA molecule, together constituting the chromosome, which had previously been replicated and connected in a region called the centromere. This name is used as long as these same centromeres remain in direct contact. When chromosomes divide during the anaphase of mitosis or meiosis, filiform chromatids become daughter chromosomes. Simply put, these are halves of replicated chromosomes.