You probably have heard about the document from the title more than once. But what is a migration card, and why is it needed? Who needs to receive it? How is this process going? We will answer these and other questions about the card later in the article.
The essence of the document
A migration card is a document that contains information about foreign citizens or stateless persons arriving in the state, about the period of their stay in the territory of this country.
This is also a business paper that confirms the right of a given person to temporarily stay in a guest state without a visa. The main goal of such a document is to control immigrants, foreigners and stateless persons. Cards are provided upon registration of migration registration. Among the additional functions are statistical records of people entering and arriving in the country.
In which countries is the document relevant?
If we look at similar documents from different countries, we will see, for example, that the migration map of Thailand will, in essence, resemble Russian or Egyptian content. Only representations, document design are different.
We list the states where the migration card is relevant:
- Thailand.
- Russian Federation.
- Belarus.
- Kazakhstan.
- Cuba.
- Egypt.
- Dominican Republic.
- Sri Lanka.
- Tunisia.
- Vietnam.
- Morocco.
Document in Russia
In our country, migration cards are regulated by the special Federal Law "Changing the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation" No. 110. The law has been in force since January 15, 2007.
Here are the features she has in Russia:
- A migration card in our country is a mandatory document that is handed to a foreign citizen when crossing the border of the Russian Federation. Therefore, the absence of such a paper indicates an illegal border crossing.
- The issuance of a document is absolutely free.
- The migration card will contain information about a foreign citizen, which will allow internal organs to carry out full control over his temporary stay in the Russian Federation.
- Each card has its own unique number.
- The data contained in the document goes to a common database, where it already becomes available to the system of internal organs of the Russian Federation.
Where and by whom is the card issued in the Russian Federation?
Samples of the migration map of Russia and other countries you can see in the article. A form of a document is issued to a foreign citizen upon entry into the Russian Federation. The points of issue are tied to the places of passage / passage of transport at which foreigners arrive in the country.
Who issues migration cards (we already know the sample document)? Several options are possible:
- Following by air, river or sea transport - crew members of this vessel.
- Following the train - members of the train brigade of transport.
- Following vehicles intended for general use (for example, by bus) - vehicle driver.
- Following by personal car or on foot - in this case, the card is issued by border control officers.
Where should a foreigner fill out a document? This can be done both inside the transport and in a separate room for such procedures. When traveling for a migration card, it is important to fill out it before the border control procedure!
Hence one important rule. It does not matter where he received the card, the foreigner must have time to enter all the data into it and verify the correctness of the information entered before an interview with the border control officer.
Rules for filling out a document
When filling out a migration card at the entrance to the Russian Federation, the traveler should pay attention to the following:
- Both the entry and exit sides of the card must be filled in personally by a foreign citizen. The basis for the data is a document proving his identity.
- If a citizen does not speak Russian, it is permissible to write information in Latin letters.
- In any case, the document should be filled out legibly, without corrections and blots.
- For writing use a ballpoint or ink pen, filled with blue, black or purple ink.
- Counts "For official mark" should be untouched! They are already registered by officials when a guest of Russia passes the border control.
If we consider a sample of filling out a migration card, we will see that the following information should be indicated in the document:
- Surname, name and patronymic of a citizen.
- Date of his birth.
- Floor.
- The country whose subject he is.
- The number of the document proving his identity.
- Visa number (if applicable).
- The purpose of the visit to Russia.
- Information about the party that invited the traveler to the Russian Federation is the full name, name of the settlement where this person lives.
- Duration of stay in Russia.
- Personal signature of the migrant.
Document Errors
Since the migration card of citizens is filled in by the migrant himself, a traveler by hand, one cannot exclude the possibility of errors in the design of the document - typos, an incorrect stay, false purpose of the visit to Russia.
How can this threaten a foreigner? First of all, an administrative fine. The consequence will also be the cancellation of all documents that a citizen received on "migration" - RWP, labor patent, residence permit, etc.
When filling out the card, remember that with your signature on it you confirm the accuracy of all the data entered into the document, become responsible for its content.
Often, migrants try to hide the purpose of their true visit to Russia - employment. This is a big mistake. You must immediately put in the column the word "work". Without this, it will be impossible to obtain a work permit or a work patent for such a “migration”.
So what to do if the purpose of the visit was indicated incorrectly? For example, instead of “work” was put “tourism”, and a foreign citizen cannot get a working patent because of this? There is only one way out and it is extremely inconvenient - to go to the border point to receive a new migration card. In other words, to leave the country and again enter it in order to already indicate in the document the real purpose of your visit.
What is the duration of a card?
We found out whether a migration card is needed in Russia. But how much will she act?
If a foreigner does not have a visa, then his card will be valid for 90 days - that is how much he can legally stay in the Russian Federation. A prerequisite is to register for migration within the first 7 days.
The maximum validity period of a “migration” is 1 year. There are two conditions:
- In the first week of stay in Russia to register with the migration.
- During the first 3 months of being in the Russian Federation, enter into an employment contract, obtain a patent for a job.
Is it possible to renew the card?
Automatic card renewal after one year is not provided. If the term of the “migration” for an alien comes to an end, the citizen has two options.
The first is to go to the Russian border to receive a similar new document. To do this, you need to leave and enter the Russian Federation back.
The second method involves extending the card without leaving the borders of Russia. But there is one caveat. The documentation on the extension of the “migration” is not submitted by the foreigner himself, but by the party who received it — a citizen of the Russian Federation, persons with a residence permit, a legal entity that invited an employee to work, and so on.
It is necessary to send an application to the territorial office of the Federal Tax Service, in which it is necessary to indicate one of the following reasons for extending the card:
- Obtaining / renewing a labor patent.
- Obtaining / renewing a work permit.
- Getting RVP.
- Admission to the ranks of students of a Russian educational institution.
- A state of health that makes moving impossible.
- Submission of documents for Russian citizenship.
If a foreign citizen has concluded an employment contract, he has the right to extend the migration card for another year. To do this, his employer must contact the Department of the Federal Tax Service with a set of documents:
- Application for renewal of a card, certified by a foreign citizen.
- Copy of the foreigner's employment contract.
- Identification documents of the invited employee.
- Labor patent of a foreign citizen.
- Valid migration card.
- Receipt with data on the payment of the due state duty.
- An application for an extension from the employer himself.
Tax officials check all documents for relevance and authenticity. If everything is in order, then the alien’s card is marked with an extension for another year.
Document Authentication
It is possible to check the immigration card of Russia for authenticity. This is done by the unique number that each of these documents has, as well as by the data indicated in it directly by the foreigner.
Why is such a check necessary? First of all, for a sense of confidence to the traveler in a foreign country. Often it is used by employers who accept foreign migrants for free vacancies.
You can check the card in three ways:
- When directly contacting the territorial branch of the Federal Tax Service.
- By calling the contact number of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation.
- On the official website of the Federal Tax Service.
Overdue “migration”: consequences
If the foreign citizen's migration card expires, he needs to extend the validity of the document in one of the above ways. If the person continues to be on the territory of the Russian Federation with an expired card, then he will be punished:
- The main thing. Charging a fine under the Code of Administrative Offenses (Part 1, Article 18.8). Its amount, depending on the region, is 2-7 thousand rubles.
- Additional. Expulsion from Russia.
In case of loss of a card
The loss of a migration card is an unpleasant incident. But it is possible to restore the document without leaving the territory of the Russian Federation. To do this, you must contact the territorial office of the Federal Tax Service for a duplicate of the document.
Here are the features of the migration procedure:
- A foreign citizen writes a statement about the loss of a document at the local police station. There, he should be issued the appropriate certificate.
- Next, you need to contact the Federal Tax Service. When a foreigner must have a certificate from the police department, a document proving his identity, an application for a duplicate card.
- Employees of the tax service will find a citizen in the database, verify the authenticity and relevance of his documents, after which they will give a foreigner a duplicate of the "migration".
Note that if a citizen's missing card has expired, or there are problems with migration registration, he will be denied a replacement.
Another unpleasant moment is that an administrative fine is imposed for the loss of this document (Code of Administrative Offenses, Article 18.8). Depending on the region, it ranges from 2000 to 7000 rubles.
Can I buy a "migration"?
You cannot buy a migration card! All offers are scam tricks. The card is issued absolutely free of charge and only at the Russian border.
By purchasing a fake, a foreign citizen not only violates Russian law, but also throws money away. After all, each of the genuine migration cards has its own unique number, which the fake does not have. It is easy to calculate a fake document for any person, not even a police officer and the Federal Tax Service, simply by entering the numbers from the card into the verification form on the official tax website.
A migration card is issued to every foreign citizen who does not have a visa and who enters the territory of the Russian Federation and a number of other countries. Now you know all the nuances associated with this document in our country.