When it comes to places where the punishment for a crime is being served, it seems that the conversation should go about a prison or a colony for men. However, do not forget about another disaster in Russia. This is an ever-increasing female crime. It also requires punishment and restriction of liberty.
Women's zones of Russia are 35 colonies in which 60 thousand people are serving their sentences. This number is five percent of the total number of prisoners in the country. Women's zones of Russia, the list of which is very small, are not in all districts. That is why most criminals have to serve their sentences far from their home.
What are women sitting for?
The conducted studies convincingly prove the fact that the fair sex are committing crimes that, by their nature, are more and more close to "male" ones. In recent decades, there has been an increase in hooliganism, in which the fair sex took part.
Women are also imprisoned for fraud, shoplifting, hacking, selling and transporting drugs, buying and selling stolen goods, carjacking, and falsification of documents.
The number of youth gangs, whose members are very young creatures aged 15 to 19 years, is also growing in the country. Such criminals in skirts are particularly cruel, killing their victims for no reason. Many of these girls have drug problems that require a lot of money to use.
It is worth saying that there could be twice as many who are serving their sentences. However, women's zones, like men's ones, are regularly released thanks to amnesties. Reduces the number of people serving sentences and rather soft legislation. However, the problem of society does not become less relevant. After all, thirty percent of convicts who are sent to women's zones are imprisoned for especially serious crimes. As a rule, they are committed on household soil, when the dispute develops into a fight with bloody consequences. The crimes of the rest of the women are theft and drug trafficking. And only a small percentage of convicts are ladies who have committed economic crimes.
Correctional facilities for the weak half of humanity
Where are women's zones in Russia? They are scattered across the regions of the country. Moreover, each of the colonies has its own characteristics. For example, there are women's areas in which the children's homes are equipped. These are the following correctional facilities:
- Kemerovo;
- Moscow;
- Sverdlovsk;
- Vladimir regions;
- Khabarovsk and Krasnodar Territories;
- Nizhny Novgorod;
- Samara
- Chelyabinsk;
- Mordovia.
There are women's zones where minors are serving their sentences. This is 21 thousand girls. Almost one and a half thousand of them were placed in educational colonies. One of such correctional facilities is located in Bryansk (Komarova St., 30).
For dangerous repeat offenders, women's zones of Russia are also provided. Where are they located? One of these colonies is located in the Perm region (Berezniki, Lenin Ave. 81), and the second - in the Oryol (settlement Shakhovo).
Almost twenty thousand women are in jail. Especially for women, pre-trial detention centers were opened in Moscow (82 Shosseinaya St.), St. Petersburg (11 Arsenalnaya St.) and Yekaterinburg. How are criminals in other regions? There is a zone for women in prison. Such pre-trial detention centers are of a mixed type.
There is a women's zone on the territory of our country for foreign criminals. It is located in the territory of Mordovia. In this correctional institution 12 thousand foreign citizens are serving their sentences, 500 of which are residents of far abroad countries.
As for the pre-trial detention center, they are located in cities. Most often in the center of the village. This is due to the fact that most of the detention facilities were built before 1917 in Tsarist Russia. And in those days, prisons and prison were the most important city public services.
As for PS, women's zones in the regions of Russia were built, as a rule, in Stalin's times. Until the beginning of the 60s they were called camps. Such facilities were built away from the main roads. That is why today it is very difficult to get to many of them by public transport.
Where exactly are women's zones in Russia? Addresses and location we presented above.
Types of Yiwu
What could be the female zone? First of all, it is worth saying that the correctional institutions belong to the criminal correction system of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. With the help of the colonies, punishments are carried out, which are expressed by deprivation of liberty either for a fixed term or for life. The prison also contains those sentenced to death.
The zone for women can be a correctional or educational colony, a prison, and also a medical correctional institution.
Types of PS by modes
As a rule, the Russian women's zone is a correctional colony. It contains persons who have already reached the age of eighteen. The criminal correction system of Russia includes four types of colonies. Their difference is in the existing modes. Among them are colonies:
- settlements;
- general mode;
- strict regime;
- special treatment.
However, not all of these correctional facilities are for women. What is the regime in the female zone? To serve their sentence, criminals are sent only to settlement colonies, where they can live in a common area with men, as well as in a general regime prison. In the last institutions, convicts are separated by gender. Is there a women's zone, a strict regime or a special one in which it is used for prisoners? There are no similar correctional facilities for criminals.
Referral of convicted persons
In which colony will the criminal or criminal be serving his sentence? It is up to the court. Thus, general regime correctional facilities are designed for women who have committed serious and especially serious crimes in any relapse. In addition, the court, when considering the case, carefully examines the identity of the perpetrator. And taking into account the circumstances of the crime committed, a decision can be made to send a woman who committed an unlawful misconduct to a correctional colony. Here, criminals who must be punished for an unintentional criminal offense, as well as for an act of medium and light gravity, can serve their sentence. In this case, crimes must be committed for the first time.
Women's prison (zone) for minors is an educational colony having the same general regime. In these institutions, light and ordinary, as well as strict and preferential conditions for serving the term are established. Juvenile delinquents have one single privilege. In the case of conscientious performance of labor duties and the absence of penalties, which must be confirmed within the first three months of imprisonment, the administration can transfer them to the usual mode of stay.
Criminals can be sent by the court and to colony settlements, as well as to medical institutions of the law enforcement system. On the territory of these IU there is no differentiation by gender. Here, men and women live in buildings located on the same territory. At the same time, separate rooms are provided for them.
Women's prison (zone) is a place where criminals with young children (up to 3 years) can serve their sentences. The court sends such mothers to the colonies at which the orphanage is open. Such institutions include not only women with children, but also pregnant women.
Internal distribution
Directly in a correctional institution, convicted women are resettled by the administration. So, criminals who are serving their sentences for the first time are kept separately from those who have already been in the colony before. In isolation from others, they also contain women who have received their sentences for dangerous and especially dangerous criminal offenses.
The administration of the correctional institution places these categories of convicts in separate sections. However, the implementation of such conditions is not always possible due to lack of housing, as well as the lack of the necessary organizational and material and technical base.
Conditions of detention
Women's zone (see photo below) provides for the creation of ordinary, lightweight and strict conditions for prisoners. In 2003, some amendments were made to the Federal Law concerning these PSs. They touched those ladies who are serving their sentences in light conditions. So, since 2003, such women are allowed to live outside the colony together with their family, if six months are left before the end of the sentence.
In general, the law does not regulate the conditions of detention in the general regime IR by gender. Women are granted only minor privileges in the form of an increase in living space standards (3.5 square meters instead of 2).
In addition, convicted pregnant women and those who have reached the age of 55 can be involved in gratuitous work only with their consent. These categories of convicts, as well as minors, shall be credited to the personal account with at least fifty percent of earnings.
According to the rules of the detention facility, women can:
- use cosmetics;
- acquire in the store on the premises of the institution the necessary things, clothes, etc.
In addition, a hairdresser and a photographer work in the penal colony for convicted women. Ladies must pay for their services with their own money.
Place of residence
Female prison cells may be of various sizes. However, most of them are designed for 40-60 people. Bunk beds are designed for sleeping. They are installed in two rows. People call such sleeping places “bunks”. Only a few beds that are set in the opposite corner from the cell doors can be without a second shelf. This place has its own name - "glade". Here lives the eldest and close to her women who have long been serving their term.
There is also a kitchen in the cell, as well as a toilet with shower. They are located separately from the main room. Despite the fact that they do not limit the time they visit the shower room, they can only wash their clothes on certain days.
Clean the camera daily. And they do it in the morning and evening. On weekends, a mandatory attribute is the general cleaning of the living room, kitchen and toilet. Engaged in this duty, who are appointed according to a specific schedule. Refusal of cleaning is not possible. The exception is only those convicted women who have served their sentences for several years.
Poor cleaning should be punished. A delinquent woman is assigned extra duty off-schedule.
Maternity Behind Bars
In women's zones, in which children's homes are open, there are maternity wards. They are created in order to provide medical care to pregnant women serving a sentence in a colony. According to the legislation, the administration of such institutions must create all conditions for the normal development and living of children there. A convicted mother can communicate with her child in her free time. In this case, their joint residence is permissible.
After the baby is three years old, with the consent of the mother, he is transferred to the education of relatives or other persons. Otherwise, the child will be sent to a state children's institution.
For the device of her baby, a woman is given a short vacation. Its duration is fifteen days excluding travel. Subsequently, for the same period, the colony administration provides the mother with annual leave, intended for a meeting with the child.
In the event that the convicted mother is left to serve her sentence for less than a year, a three-year-old baby may be left in the orphanage. Here he will wait for the release of his mother. However, such a right is granted only to women who are distinguished by impeccable behavior.
Pregnant women and women with children under the age of three years are entitled to all the rights and benefits provided by Russian law. In addition, they can, without any restrictions, purchase basic necessities and food, health appliances, special clothes and shoes. Payment is made at the expense of funds stored in the prisoner's personal account.
Employment
The administration of any penal colony has one very important duty. She must provide convicts with employment. This takes into account the age of the woman and, if possible, specialty.
Working convicts are entitled to paid annual leave. Its duration is twelve days excluding weekends.
Juvenile delinquents in educational institutions are granted longer leave. It is eighteen business days. The same leave is granted to those women who have reached the age of 55.
It is noted that the convicted ladies work more diligently than men. Only a small percentage of women do not want to work or treat their duties in bad faith.
In order to diversify the monotonous labor of convicts employed, as a rule, in sewing production, the administration of the correctional institution often offers them new areas of employment. This is knitting and weaving, folk crafts, etc.
Leisure
What do convicted women do in their free time? These are, as a rule, minor household chores, satisfying personal needs, writing letters, participating in amateur performances, playing sports and reading literature. In addition, women are actively involved in religious activities. They help church attendants conduct rituals.
Many of the convicts emphasize the importance of unlimited correspondence, as well as the possibility of using a computer network and telephone communications to communicate with close relatives.
What is the hardest thing to conclude?
A woman is assigned a certain social role in society, and functions other than men are destined. In addition, representatives of the weak half of humanity are always distinguished by a lifestyle and a historically determined place in the system of human relations. And this is not to mention the biological and psychophysiological characteristics of women. What happens to them in places of detention?
Once in the temporary detention center, the lawbreaker is completely alone. The fact is that women are rarely placed in temporary detention facilities, and those who appear there are placed separately from men. Such conditions are perceived very painfully from the first hours. Lack of communication with people depressing effect on the female psyche.
Further, upon issuing an arrest warrant, the violator is transferred to the pre-trial detention center. Prison reality comes as a complete surprise to women. Sometimes, offenders lose their sense of reality. And this is not surprising. After all, every person who is in prison for the first time experiences extreme stress. And if in the temporary detention center it seems that this whole nightmare will end soon, then in the prison it becomes clear that the imprisonment will last at least several months or even more than one year. Informational hunger also influences the psychological state of women. It begins to seem to her that her relatives forgot her, and her friends completely abandoned her. This greatly enhances the suffering of the prisoner.
In this situation, only conversations with cellmates have some psychotherapeutic effect. Feminine nature allows you to calm down a bit, sharing at least with someone dawning trouble. However, each person sometimes feels the need to be alone with himself. But to do this in a cell is not possible. The constant presence of strangers is simply annoying and alarming. When such a psycho-emotional state of a woman reaches its maximum level, inevitable conflicts arise. Fortunately, for ladies, they are limited to small household issues and end with conversations in raised tones. Fights in the cells where ladies who break the law are located are extremely rare.
After the sentencing of criminals, a women's zone awaits. Photos taken in the colony convincingly confirm the fact that there is also a lack of personal space. Whether it's a building site, a production room or a bedroom, prisoners are always in the crowd. , - . .
For a person who is accustomed to free life, the observance of the general regime of lifting, hanging up and eating will also become difficult. It is not easy to spend in general places and free time from work.
The prison clothes negatively affect the psyche of a woman. This is usually a blue or gray skirt or pants, as well as a blouse. For the street, a quilted jacket and a scarf are issued, which should be on the woman all day until she returns to sleep in the hut. This accessory is very annoying for those serving their sentences.
What is the meaning of the restrictions? They make a woman understand that her usual actions are dangerous. And in order to avoid risk, it is necessary to adopt the established rules. Through established discipline, the administration seeks to fit all prisoners into one pattern, forcing them to obey and comply with internal regulations. A person deprived of his personal life begins to lose control over his actions. He is weaning from independence. Often this leads to the fact that, having been released, a woman cannot adapt to the ordinary life of society.