The rules of conduct at the table were known back in the days of ancient Egypt. Those people who used cutlery were considered educated and educated. That is why the Egyptians tried to instill cutlery handling skills in their children from early childhood.
Peter's times
In Russia, cutlery at the court of the Grand Dukes and Moscow sovereigns was served only to important guests. They did not enter the rules of conduct at the table of the hosts themselves.
Only Peter I decided to teach Russian noblemen European manners. It was he who compiled and published the book "Youth an honest mirror." It included etiquette at the table, rules of conduct in society.
What is important to know
Currently, any educated person understands that there are certain norms that must be observed in society. Here are some rules of behavior at the table for students:
- Do not rush to take first place at the table;
- the boy should help the girl sit down at the table, pushing back a chair for her;
- being at the table, you can not refuse to eat: such behavior will offend the hostess, so you need to try the proposed dish;
- Do not try to eat everything in a row, not paying attention to other guests;
- if the plate with the dish you want to try is far away, you don’t need to reach for it, just ask for other guests to pass it on;
- on a plate you need to put in small portions, without mixing several salads or main dishes at once.
Going to a public place
This is not all the rules of behavior at the table for children. What else is important to know when going to a restaurant, cafe? In order to protect clothes from greasy stains, do not put a napkin on the collar, it is placed on your knees. Neither cutlery, nor mouth, nor hands are wiped with it. To do this, in the cafe (restaurant) there are paper napkins, which after use are put on a plate.
When eating, you don’t need to rush, talk with your mouth full, it is important to be careful. If someone asks a question, then before you answer it, you must chew or swallow food.
We use cutlery
The rules of behavior at the table are inextricably linked with the features of using a fork and spoon. For example, it’s not only ugly, but also dangerous to eat anything with a knife. The knife should be in the right hand while eating, and the fork in the left.
What does table etiquette suggest? The rules of conduct at the table do not allow you to shift the fork in your right hand until the dish is eaten.
If during lunch (dinner) a knife, spoon, fork fall, they will not be lifted. You need to ask for another cutlery, try not to draw attention to your person.
Children's etiquette
The rules of behavior at the table for students is a separate topic that deserves close attention. For example, you can not make comments with your classmate while eating. If there is any inedible object in the plate, you need to discard it imperceptibly.
If a meat dish is offered, it is necessary to cut it into small pieces. The rules of behavior at the table involve cutting off one piece, eating it, only after that you can proceed to new manipulations.
If you immediately cut the entire portion, the meat will cool, and the appearance of the plate will be completely unaesthetic.
It is necessary to eat silently, not champing, not knocking on cutlery, not slurping.
Chicken, turkey, goose, duck from a common plate should be taken with a fork, cutting off in small pieces.
The rules of behavior at the table for children include pulling fish bones with your hands or a fork.
It is ugly to collect sauce on a plate with bread while in a cafe or restaurant. After the meal, dirty tableware is put on its plate.
What else provides etiquette at the table? The rules of conduct do not allow leaving the table without the permission of the hostess, if the child is at a party.
Important points
In order for the child to develop the skills of beautiful behavior during eating, parents should be an example. It must be remembered that the culture of behavior at the table is an integral part of the general culture of modern man. All the rules of behavior at the table at receptions, at guests were formed throughout the history of the existence of mankind. Many of them are a manifestation of respect for those near whom the child is at the table. It is unlikely that other people will be pleased to take sugar if you pulled it in front of them with your hands. Students consider the basic rules of behavior at the table during meals during technology lessons at school. The teacher not only talks about them, but also makes explanations for each item so that the children understand the reasons for their occurrence.
Table setting
Practical work is provided for working out theoretical knowledge at labor lessons. What is the relationship between table setting and table rules? The guys find the answer to this after they themselves have placed on the table the items necessary for lunch (dinner). To begin with, a tablecloth or oilcloth is spread on the table. Then it is necessary to mentally draw a line at a distance of 1-2 centimeters from its edge. Plates should be placed on it, with each placed opposite a chair set at the table.
When serving for dinner, first place a small plate, put a container under it on the soup. To the right of the plates are knives, the sharp end to the visitor, the fork should be on the left, the tip of which is directed upwards. Soup, dessert spoons are placed parallel to the edge of the table, directing to the right with handles. To the right of the devices, glasses are placed under juice or water, a napkin is placed on a plate. As a decor element on the festive table, you can use a vase with flowers.
Guests at the table
What else is important to consider the rules of behavior at the table? Grade 1 is the age when children are happy to engage in a variety of role-playing games. That is why at the lessons of servicing labor, the teacher, talking about etiquette, attracts “guests” and “mistress” to work out theoretical material by organizing an impromptu dinner party.
What is important to know 5 rules of behavior at the table?
- Honored guests are given a place in the center of the table. If a birthday is planned, then this place is occupied by a birthday person. At the festive table on New Year's holidays, the place of honor belongs to the owner or a respected older guest.
- Grandparents sit down so that younger relatives can take care of them.
- The mistress of the house takes a place at the table so that she has the opportunity to quickly go out, take or bring something.
- At the table, small talk is allowed, not related to specific cases and problems. If 30-40 people gathered, then the conversation is conducted between people who are at the table not far from each other. In secular etiquette, conversations about the health of one of the guests, wages, material incomes, and problems with management are considered unacceptable.
As those recommended for a conversation at the table, it is assumed: weather, art, culture. At the table they do not talk through neighbors, do not turn their backs to the interlocutor.
What else is important to know the rules of behavior at the table? They are briefly discussed in technology lessons so that children have an idea of ​​the food culture.
Of course, in order for children to gain food culture skills, it is important not only to listen, but also to practice the theory in practice. That is why it is so important to include role-playing games in school, aimed at the formation and development of table setting skills, behavior during meals.
Tasty lessons
How to turn studying the rules of behavior at the table into an exciting lesson? Grade 5 is the time when girls in the classes of service workers first analyze the theoretical aspects, and then allotted hours for practical work.
Future housewives can invite boys who will become “guests” at the festive table, will be able to assess the skills of their classmates. For example, such a lesson can be held on the eve of February 23 to congratulate children on the upcoming holiday in an unusual setting. In addition to tea drinking, organized by the efforts of girls, you can think through unusual contests, hold a regular lesson in the form of a holiday.
We propose a scenario for such a lesson, which will not only allow you to generate interest in the subject “Technology”, but also allow students to form teamwork skills, broaden their horizons, and increase the level of behavior at the table.
The teacher, welcoming all the children, announces the topic of the lesson, represents the jury members who will determine the winners. The role of experts are boys.
The program consists of five contests, submissions, as well as greetings for each team.
Girls are divided into groups, each comes up with a name, motto, logo.
The following competitive tests are offered during the event:
- warm-up;
- you should know it;
- features of etiquette;
- table setting;
- "Musical dish."
The first competition. In order for everyone to be interested, each team voices its name, pronounces a motto, represents all members of its group. The maximum number of points for this creative test is 3.
In the second competition, participants are offered puzzles related to the theme of the event. For example, the facilitator offers part of a phrase that mentions the rules of behavior at the table:
- when I eat, then (deaf and dumb);
- born in water, grown in the sun, and dies in water (salt);
- I’ll take it dusty, make it liquid, and cast it into the flame, there will be stone (bread);
- two ducks, where they pass, they tear a wall there (scissors);
- two ears, four legs, one nose, and belly (Russian samovar);
- fire sits underground, but smoke is visible outside (carrots);
- a white sheepskin coat without a hem is sewn (egg).
For the correct answer, the team receives one point. The right to answer is given to the group that first raised the flag.
The third competition is dedicated to serving and decorating the festive table. Teams are offered certain items from which they must make a table using the skills acquired in a theoretical lesson.
Each team has ten minutes to complete the task. Among the items that are offered to young housewives can be: cutlery, paper napkins, scissors, colored paper, tea set. What is evaluated by the jury when summing up the results of this competitive test?
Five points (maximum amount) is set for the following indicators:
- reflection of the festive atmosphere in the table setting;
- compliance with the rules and requirements for the location of cutlery, the arrangement of dishes;
- creative approach and aesthetics of the result.
At the table, which will be named the best members of the jury, then a festive tea party of the entire class will be arranged.
The fourth competition is dedicated to etiquette. Teams take turns choosing cards that offer questions related to the culture of behavior at the table. Each correct answer is rated 1 point. If one team answers incorrectly, other groups have the opportunity to get an extra point.
Here are examples of questions in which you need to find the correct answers.
- If you plan to try a certain dish that is far from you, you: a) stand up, then go after it, place it close to you; b) reach for him from a place; c) ask someone who sits next to him to give it to you.
- Bread should be taken from the bread box: a) with a fork; b) hands; c) a paper towel.
- If meat is served for dinner: a) proceed to cut it into small pieces; b) you will cut off one piece at a time, sending a treat in your mouth; c) stick a piece on the fork, you will bite it, seizing the side dish.
- Entering any store, you: a) push people who are moving towards you, break through inside; b) give way to those who leave the store, only then go into it yourself; c) you will scold those who hesitated in the doorway, preventing you from getting inside.
- Who introduced the term “etiquette”: a) Peter I; b) Ludwig X1V; c) Vladimir Monomakh.
- Where to put the used paper towel: a) discreetly throw it under the table; b) crumple, then put under your plate; c) put plates under the rim.
- You have finished lunch, you want to inform the waiter about it. To do this, you: a) put the knife and fork on the plate parallel to each other with the handles to the right; b) put the knife and fork with sharp ends on a plate crosswise; c) next to the plate, put the knife and fork on the tablecloth.
- On the table with food can only be: a) elbows; b) fingertips; c) hands.
- If, after the compote is finished, you find a bone in your mouth, you will: a) spit it back into the glass; c) remove from your mouth with your fingers and put on a plate; b) quietly, silently put it on a spoon, and then - on a plate.
After all competitive tests are completed, the jury will calculate the number of points scored by each group. At this time, the host holds an additional competition for fans.
For example, a certain ready-made dish is offered, you need to determine the ingredients used in its preparation, give it a name. For each correct answer, 1 point is provided. Fans can exchange points for delicious prizes during the festive tea party.
The logical conclusion to this unusual technology lesson will be tea drinking.
The study of etiquette in the DOE
Talking about how to behave properly in a restaurant, cafe, away, it is important, starting from kindergarten.
For the process of learning the rules of good form, the teacher can use any outdoor games involving the active work of preschoolers. Role-playing situations, where children have the opportunity to feel like the main characters, are an excellent way to develop theoretical knowledge according to the rules of etiquette. The basis of the game is an imaginary situation in which the child must show his knowledge of the rules of behavior at the table, at a party.
Thanks to the interaction of parents, teacher, pupils, the maximum effect of assimilation of the principles of etiquette by preschoolers is achieved. If the teacher has the opportunity to work only with groups of children, then parents interact with a specific child, and therefore have much more opportunities to hone the skills acquired in the kindergarten classes.
After the introduction of new educational standards in the system of additional education in many kindergartens, special programs were developed aimed at the formation of standards of behavior at the table for preschoolers. As an option, we give the following lesson plan:
- etiquette - a feature of human behavior;
- the beauty of the house;
- how to receive guests;
- observance of etiquette in various public places.
Since preschoolers better absorb material during role-playing games, for the development of etiquette rules it is necessary to include story fragments. For example, children are invited to beat the family's Sunday visit to the cafe. Each of the children gets a role: parents, children, waiters in a cafe, other visitors. The teacher offers a specific task for each group, then, together with the children, it is discussed whether the kids behaved correctly in the proposed situation. By changing roles, preschoolers get the opportunity to be not only as guests who do not know how to behave in a public place, but also as a waiter who is forced to endure such violations.
Conclusion
Getting into any public place, unfortunately, often not only small children, but also adults forget about the norms and basic rules that must be observed. In order not to become a subject of discussion, not to look ridiculous at a serious event, a festive feast, it is important to first carefully study, remember, and then follow the rules of behavior at the table, in a public place. If work in this direction begins with a kindergarten, in this case the children form the correct norms of behavior, they will not feel uncomfortable in an unfamiliar society.