Special seniority is a rather important indicator that seriously affects the appointment of a pension. In Russia, there is even a separate definition of this term. It has legal significance. In fact, to understand the seniority (special) is quite easy. It is enough to know some features and nuances thereof. Then it will be possible to understand how important it is. So what should citizens of the Russian Federation know about special work experience? How is it different from everyone else? How are pension benefits calculated and affected?
Definition
The first thing to understand is the meaning of the term. What does special work experience mean? It has already been said that it is directly related to work, and also has a clear definition.
This term describes the total duration of work in some areas of activity, in some positions, as well as in certain territories. Socially useful work is also sometimes referred to as a special experience. This is the value that was established earlier.
Now the concept being studied continues to appear in the laws, but it has no exact definition. Under the special experience simply understand labor in some areas of activity. To understand what this term means, it is worth learning about the types of duration of labor duties.
Types of experience
The next nuance that needs to be understood is the types of special experience. Without this feature, it will not be possible to fully understand the concept being studied. Previously, special labor, under the USSR, played an important role, in modern Russia it is no longer so. Therefore, it is now more difficult to deal with it.
Types of special work experience are not too extensive. There are several of them. And remembering them is pretty easy. Only the population still does not consider these types of experience as special. For them, this is a normal job.
The types of special work experience in Russia can be identified as follows:
- medical;
- pedagogical;
- years of service in flight testing services;
- military service.
It is such points that can be distinguished from all the existing work experience. The above types of labor - this is what at some point will give special opportunities to workers. Therefore, special attention should be paid to these points.
When plays a role
And at what specific moments does the concept under study play a special role? Indeed, each term has not only a definition, but also an application to one degree or another. It has already been said that special work experience is important in calculating a pension. But what does this mean?
The thing is that some categories of citizens have the right to early appointment of support from the state. Under certain circumstances associated with special experience, you can easily become a pensioner early.
Further, it is that the indicated type of labor accounting serves as a kind of increasing factor. Depending on the continuous length of service , the final payment of pension savings will change. That is, with the help of this concept, it is possible to increase the benefit that is due to all pensioners.
This is the legal significance of special work experience in modern Russia. He no longer carries any significant value. Most often, this concept, as you might guess, is faced by the military. Using their example, it is easiest to understand the usefulness of the type of work experience being studied.
Addition to seniority
The legislation provides for some rules, including the possibility of supplementing a special work experience. What does it mean? It is not necessary to work in the previously indicated areas. Under certain circumstances, other periods are counted as a “special” experience.
Which ones? In order to receive an old-age pension, citizens can hope that the following periods will be included in the special experience:
- disability that occurred during the performance of labor duties, 1 or 2 groups;
- periods in which occupational diseases have occurred;
- stay in custody in custody for more than the period specified in the case.
However, these are far from the most common cases. Ordinary disability is not related to the concept of special work experience. What other nuances should the population pay attention to? For example, in contrast to the studied concept from another work experience.
Differences
Actually, understanding this is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. General and special work experience are similar. But with insurance there are significant differences.
The thing is that special “work” is part of the overall experience. The studied concept is most often found precisely in calculating and accounting for the time that an employee has worked for life in general. In modern Russia, the main "bonuses" and benefits from the state for the existing special experience are almost completely canceled.
But that is not all. The length of service is, it can be said, the periods of labor in which money was deposited in insurance funds. It is not necessary to work. There are a number of periods that count as labor activity. If during them transfers were made to insurance funds, then they will go "in offset". Insurance and special work experience are two integral parts of each other. After all, when conducting business, as a rule, insurance premiums are still paid. In the same way as during normal operation. The length of service is part of both general and special. It does not bear any significant bonuses. It only affects the size of the pension in the future: the more deductions are made, the higher the payments will be.
Importance for the medical field
Further, a little specificity regarding each of these areas, where the studied type of experience occurs. Usually he is interested in employees working in the medical field. And it’s not just that.
After all, a special experience is the possibility of early retirement. Initially, in the Russian Federation men receive this right at 60, and women at 55. But employees who have worked in the medical field may retire earlier.
This is currently acceptable in the following situations:
- When it comes to employees working in medical institutions in urban-type settlements, as well as in villages. Moreover, the experience should be at least 25 years.
- If the employee worked in medicine (carried out medical or labor protection activities) in cities, villages, towns or only in urban areas, but with a work experience of 30 years.
It turns out that as soon as a citizen meets the specified conditions (one of them), he will have the right to early retirement. Plus, when the calculation of seniority occurs, higher payments can be expected.
For educators
What is the experience of a teacher? This is the conduct of work in educational institutions of a general type in certain positions. Usually we are talking about teachers. But the complete list can be found in Decree No. 781 of the Government of the Russian Federation of 10.29.2002. Usually this type of labor is called pedagogical activity.
Special seniority plays an important role for this category of people. It allows not only early retirement, but also affects the citizen's earnings and the possibility of providing long-term leave (up to 12 months inclusive).
Particular attention should be paid to this particular area of activity. Indeed, the calculation of the special length of service in relation to teachers includes nuances. Far from always, work in educational institutions will go into offset.
In addition to the basic concept, teaching activities include:
- work as the head of the film library;
- stay in contract service;
- temporary disability moments;
- annual leave (paid);
- maternity leave;
- leave for the care of a baby up to 3 years (until 6.10.1992).
It is important to remember that working in the field of education, taking into account all exceptions, must be at least 25 years old. Only then will it be possible to claim bonuses and benefits from the state.
Test pilots
In the case of test pilots, everything is simple. The legislation of the Russian Federation contains clear instructions as to whom and under what conditions it is possible to retire ahead of schedule. Also listed are the categories of people who are counted as special work experience.
Today, you can count on the following options regarding retirement.
When working in civil aviation, men must work for at least 25 years, women - 20.
If people worked in civil aviation and left work because of health reasons, then men pre-work for 20 years, women - 15.
Early retirement pension is granted to employees at the age of 55 and employees at the age of 50 if the job is directly the management of aircraft. Labor activity should be at least 12.5 years or 10 years, respectively. In this case, the insurance period is also taken into account. He should be at least 25 and 20 years old (for men and for women, respectively).
Length of service (military)
These features have a special work experience. Length of service is the most common form of the concept being studied. Most often, it is understood as military service. All periods of work in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as contract service, are counted.
Citizens who have worked a certain amount of time will be assigned an early pension. They also receive allowances for “old age” payments and salaries during the period of employment. For length of service, some are eligible for housing.
It is usually required to work out at least 20 years in the military sphere. For certain categories of employees, a total of 25 years of work experience is required. At the same time, special work experience is reduced to 12.5.
The maximum employee pension is 85%. The length of service also includes a period of work in public service structures and a stay in the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
Calculation Rules
The last important point is the rules by which the calculation of special work experience is conducted. The thing is that it can be interrupted. Do not confuse it with continuous, where the lack of work ceases all benefits. The calculation of experience is made for all periods of labor, which are included in the list in relation to a particular category of persons.
For example, work in the field of pedagogy cannot be attributed to the length of service of the military. On the contrary, you can. Final calculations are carried out in years, months, days. It is already clear that this experience can be interrupted. And alternate with other activities, too.
Is it really necessary
Special seniority is important for future retirees. Should I strive for it? Yes, but you should think about this feature at the beginning of building a career. In modern Russia, the very concept of special labor is replaced by the length of service in various fields.
If a citizen does not plan to devote his life to any particular field, then there is no point in striving for the studied concept. To achieve early retirement and increased payments will not work. After all, as has already been said, it is usually necessary to work out 20-25 years in one sphere or another in order to have a length of service. The larger it is, the higher the pension will be.