Realism and not a word of lies - this is the main feature of the work of Nikolai Nekrasov. Traveling the expanses of his native state, the poet managed to see a lot: deep sadness, need and unbending strength of the Russian spirit. In his verses these realities are clearly displayed. Each line of the works is filled with pain and sadness, but behind them lies the hope for a better future. You can talk about the features of the poet’s creativity for a long time, but for clarity, it is better to analyze Nekrasov’s poem “Schoolboy”.
Analysis plan
It is necessary to analyze the lyrical work based on the plan. This will greatly simplify the work. Most often, the following characteristics are used to analyze a poem:
- When, by whom, and under what conditions was the composition written.
- What is the work about? It is necessary to describe the main topic, idea and plot.
- Artistic means. It is necessary to indicate what artistic techniques the author used to express the main idea.
- Vocabulary and composition. It indicates what vocabulary the verse is written: colloquial, journalistic, etc. It is also worth mentioning the number of lines and stanzas.
- The image of the lyrical hero.
Now you can start the analysis of Nekrasov’s poem “Schoolboy”. Grade 4, in which they begin to study the work of the Russian poet, can also cope with this task, following the plan.
The poet and his creation
Nekrasov's works are distinguished by depth of content and are filled with incredible power. His poems often describe the difficulties faced by ordinary people and the poet himself. So, in 1856, Nekrasov created the work "Schoolboy" (his first publication was in the journal "Library for Reading" - No. 10).
The year 1856 can be called a turning point in the poet's work. Nekrasov was able to defeat a serious illness, published his own collection of poems, and the journal Sovremennik, the issue of which he was engaged in, began to gain popularity again. In addition, Alexander II came to power, and serf life became a little freer. At this time, the poem "Schoolboy" is created, which tells about children who want to break out of poverty and go their own way.
Theme, idea, plot
Analyzing Nekrasov’s poem “Schoolboy”, one can identify the main theme of the work: education issues, which the lyrical hero reflects on. The main idea of ​​the verse is the image of the road, which personifies the path of life.
The plot is based on the meeting of the lyrical hero with a simple peasant child. He was poorly dressed and carried a book with him. Seeing her, the lyrical hero begins to talk about the benefits of education, in particular that it is hard for ordinary people to send their child to school. But, nevertheless, his speech is optimistic, the lyrical hero encourages the boy, saying that everyone began with a difficult path. He sets Lomonosov as an example, and says that for those who are not afraid of labor in gaining knowledge, "a dream will come true."
In conclusion, the hero turns to his homeland, which has not yet exhausted itself and is able to give birth to talents, which in the future will recognize both respect and honor.
Art tools
Continuing to analyze the poem "Schoolboy" by Nekrasov according to the plan, we pay attention to the artistic means that the poet used. In the first quatrain, creating the atmosphere in which the lyrical hero is, the author uses the metaphor "gloomy road". To describe a child with a book, Nekrasov uses the epithets: “dirty body”, “barely covered chest”, “bare feet”. Also, many epithets can be found in the following lines, for example, “native Russia” or “Arkhangelsk peasant”.
In the last lines there is an antithesis - opposition. The author contrasts those who strive for knowledge with people who do not show due interest in anything. The first Nekrasov is characterized as “kind”, “noble” and “strong”, the second - as “pompous”, “dumb” and “cold”.
In the work you can find an allegory, - "a dream will come true in reality." There is also a rhetorical figure - an appeal, which emphasizes Nekrasov’s excitement: “Do not be ashamed!”, “Well, he went, for God's sake!”.
Vocabulary and composition
In his work, Nekrasov made extensive use of folk speech, therefore, in the verse "Schoolboy" there are such words as "Old Man", "Do not rub" and others.
When performing literature analysis of Nekrasov’s poem “Schoolboy”, it is necessary to indicate the number of lines, stanzas and determine the poetic size. So, the poem consists of 10 stanzas. Conventionally, they can be divided into 3 blocks:
- Description of the journey of the lyrical hero.
- The main part, which consists of a monologue of the hero.
- Appeal to the Motherland.
An analysis of Nekrasov’s poem “Schoolboy” showed that the work has the size of a four-foot chorea, and the stanzas consist of quatrains with a cross rhyme.
Lyrical hero
At this point, the comprehensive analysis ends. From the analysis of Nekrasov’s poem “Schoolboy”, it becomes clear that the author himself acts as a lyrical hero, describing his trips by the country. The work is based on the thoughts of Nekrasov about the difficult fate of his people, but he is sure that among ordinary peasants there are many talents. He wants to support the children that they want to learn and choose a different fate than that of their parents. The lyrical hero, and with him Nekrasov himself, is urged not to be ashamed of poverty, because hard work will be rewarded.
About poetry
Nikolai Nekrasov is a famous Russian poet, recognized as a classic of Russian literature. At one time he became famous as a revolutionary democrat, and his morality and controversial actions still cause a lot of controversial opinions. Nekrasov became famous thanks to such works as the poem "Grandfather Mazai and the Hares", the poems "Frost, red nose" and "Who can live well in Russia."
All his works were devoted exclusively to the problems of the Russian people. He vividly described the tragedy of the peasantry and the beauty of the world. The folk diversity and richness of the folk language were widely used in the works of the poet. Thanks to this technique, Nikolai Alekseevich managed to expand the boundaries of Russian poetry. The poet can rightly be considered a pioneer who was not afraid to use a combination of elegy, lyrics and satire in his poems, which had a significant impact on the further development of literature. Even analyzing Nekrasov’s poem “Schoolboy”, one can notice this distinctive characteristic.