An ovarian cyst, the consequences of which can be very unpleasant, is one of the most common diseases in gynecology. It is a benign mass in the form of a cavity filled with liquid. There are several types of cysts: follicular, corpus luteum, hemorrhagic, mucinous, dermoid, endometrioid, serous.
Ovarian cysts, as a rule, are not accompanied by any symptoms and are detected by chance when visiting a doctor with other problems or during a physical examination. Although with some types of cysts, the following symptoms can be noted: dull abdominal pain, swelling and bloating, irregular and painful periods, frequent urination, fever, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia.
What makes an ovarian cyst ?
Most often, follicular cysts are found, which usually do not pose a health hazard and pass on their own after 2-3 months. Such a cyst can appear only at reproductive age. In one of the woman's ovaries, one egg matures every month, which is enclosed in the follicle prior to release. Approximately on the 14-15th day of the cycle, the follicle ruptures and the egg ready for fertilization enters the fallopian tubes. Sometimes the follicle does not burst, fluid accumulates in it, it increases in size. Thus, a follicular cyst occurs , which persists for some time, but disappears after a few cycles. Such cysts do not require treatment, but should be observed by a doctor.
Sometimes fluid can accumulate in the corpus luteum, which appears after follicle rupture. Such a cyst called the corpus luteum lasts longer than the follicular cyst.
A hemorrhagic cyst is formed with hemorrhage in the follicular cyst or corpus luteum. In this situation, abdominal pain may occur.
An endometrioid cyst is formed when endometrial tissues enter the ovary in women suffering from endometriosis.
A dermoid cyst is a rare species and is a cavity containing germinal tissue. It is treated only surgically.
Most often, a cyst is formed during hormonal disruptions and inflammatory processes.
The appearance of a cyst should not be ignored, since any of its appearance can have complications.
What could be the consequences of an ovarian cyst?
Exercise or sexual contact can lead to rupture of the cyst, twisting of the legs, suppuration.
The most dangerous is a cyst on the leg. Such an ovarian cyst, the consequences can have the most serious. As a result of the twisting of the legs, the blood supply to the formation is disrupted, which leads to malnutrition. In the cyst, the process of necrosis begins, and, as a result, inflammation of the peritoneum occurs. With this complication, there is an increase in temperature, pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, vomiting.
The leg of the cyst can twist the intestines, which leads to intestinal obstruction. Bloating, abdominal pain, frequent pulse, fever, pallor, vomiting of bile, thirst are noted.
A suppurating ovarian cyst can have very deplorable consequences, up to the development of sepsis. With suppuration, an increase in temperature and severe pain in the abdomen from the side of the formation occur.
Cyst rupture occurs when it grows due to the constant accumulation of fluid, and its shell becomes thinner. With a break, internal hemorrhage occurs. Pallor, frequent pulse, low pressure are observed.
All these complications are treated only surgically.
The degeneration of a cyst into a malignant tumor is quite rare, but, nevertheless, it does not need to be discounted. It is necessary to constantly undergo examinations by a gynecologist and treat all emerging diseases on time.
Most doctors believe that a cyst does not affect the chance of becoming pregnant. However, in some cases, it can adversely affect the process of bearing a child.
Thus, any ovarian cyst, the consequences of which can be sad, requires a quick visit to a doctor. If such a formation is found, it is completely unacceptable to self-medicate.