Those who want to build their own country house may encounter different legal concepts. The most common abbreviation for IZHS. It is recommended to get acquainted with this concept in more detail so that in the future there will not be many unnecessary questions.
What is IZHS
Before considering what IZHS means, it must be borne in mind that the purchase of any land plot has a specific purpose. Its implementation directly affects the category of land and permission to use it. The abbreviation IZHS stands for individual housing construction. IZHS objects can be considered houses that stand alone and include no more than three floors, one family can live in such a house. This means that in land plots IZHS defined in a separate category of land that are intended only for construction and living. In fact, this is the territory on which construction can be carried out by law. On one such site there may be several private houses, and residents themselves can register in such a dwelling at the place of residence. The main advantage is that local authorities should make sure that all necessary communications for life are brought to the IZH. As a rule, the administration should deal with all emerging issues.
Separately, you need to pay attention to the question, what does the type of IZHS site mean? The fact is that the entire territory of such a settlement may include a wide variety of land categories. That is why all title documents must be in order. Let us consider in more detail what gives the status of IZHS:
- First of all, IZHS provides all the necessary guarantees that relate to the construction of a residential building, which will be provided with all the necessary infrastructure and energy resources.
- Individual buildings can be on lands of different categories. The ability to use them for construction will be determined not only by the categories of land, but also by their type.
- It also happens that the commissioning of a residential complex, which will be built, may imply some restrictions.
Considering the land legislation of the Russian Federation, it is difficult not to notice that all the lands that exist are divided into certain categories depending on their intended use.
Normative base
It is important not only to know everything about private housing, what it means and what land use rules exist, it is necessary first of all to know the legislation of the Russian Federation. By all rules, seven main categories of land are distinguished. The second place on this list is occupied by the lands of settlements. The entire legal regime is clearly established by category and permission to use territorial zones. It is important to consider that there are special norms from which deviation is strictly prohibited. For example, if the land is intended for individual housing construction, then they can be used exclusively for the construction of settlements. But there are times when there is a need to allocate land for rural purposes, then it will be necessary to transfer them to the category of individual housing construction.
Land Use Rules
If we understand in detail what the status of individual housing construction means and what rights it gives, we can safely say that this gives the right to individual development. The residential buildings that are being built are mostly intended for permanent residence and registration. In each region of Russia, there are certain sizes of land that can be allocated for construction. Before building, you must obtain a building permit from the local authorities. The city authorities take an active part in this case, since they are developing a city development plan.
Everyone who plans to carry out construction should clearly understand what IZHS means and that it must comply with all standards: sanitary, hygienic, environmental, fire-fighting and others. It should be noted that the cost of such plots will be much higher than the cost of land of another type. This is due to the fact that the owner gets an additional opportunity for social services, especially since the road infrastructure must adjoin such a site.
According to all the rules, IZHS land can act as a pledge, for example, this is often practiced if a mortgage is issued or a special loan for building a house is obtained. It is important to pay attention that getting is not so simple as it seems at first glance a plot of individual housing construction. What does it mean? The fact is that it is quite possible to get such lands for free; they are allocated from state and municipal property. Citizens who belong to preferential categories can apply for such lands. The list of beneficiaries is established by regional or local authorities. The following categories receive benefits:
- Young professionals who agreed to work in the countryside.
- Employees who work in the public sector, for example, include teachers and doctors.
- Families with many children.
- Disabled people.
Often such lands can also be obtained by citizens who belong to an unprotected category.
How to get land for IZHS
It should be noted right away that it is not so easy to get a site for individual housing construction. What this means and what documents will need to be collected by the future owner, we will consider in more detail. First of all, you will need to submit an application to the administration, which sets out a request for the provision of land. The owner must attach all the necessary documents that are established separately by the municipality. As a rule, you will need a passport, as well as documents that will confirm the possibility of providing benefits, and at the same time, this paper should indicate that there is no other land ownership. The appeal is considered within two weeks, if the decision is made in a positive way, then the applicant will be put on the waiting list. Those who want to get a plot can find it themselves. It is necessary not only to know what IZHS means, but also the rules of action in order to get this land.
It is important to determine exactly where the site is located that is not used by anyone, and the region is also taken into account. For example, in big cities there is practically no way to find a good site, but in the Moscow Region, the search can be successful.
There is a public map of Rosreestr, on which all information about the site that was selected by the applicant will be checked. Let's consider in more detail what is checked:
- It is important to consider that the site belongs to the state. That is why you need to know what the status of the IZHS site means.
- The category of the selected site should be defined as the land of the settlement.
- There should be no restrictions on use.
As soon as the future owner finds a suitable site, he can safely submit an application to local authorities. The application will need to indicate benefits if they are available, and if they are not available, then the desired form of ownership is indicated. The administration has the right to make decisions and provide free use, lease the land or even sell land. It is important to remember that when transferring land for permanent use, it will be necessary to build a house and put it into operation, that is, register its right. It so happens that the registration of the land in the ownership of the citizen is allowed. The future owner should be educated on the categories and types of land allocated by the state. What does it mean? The purpose of the land IZHS is only one - the construction of a house and residence in it with further registration. The fact is that if the plot is used specifically for the construction of the building, while the land is leased, then as soon as the expiration date approaches, the citizen can get the right to buy out. The terms of the lease agreement can be concluded for a long time, for example, up to 49 years, in which case you will not have to buy the land.
Lot size
As mentioned above, there are certain norms and rights that control the size and utility construction, permissible on these land plots IZHS. What does it mean, in fact, that the entire territory for individual construction is determined precisely by the administration, someone can be allocated a fairly large plot, someone less, everything is decided individually. But at the same time, in no case can the size of the plot be less than six hundredths. If the future owner has big plans for building and developing a settlement in a sparsely populated area, then he can be allocated an area of nine or even twelve hundred.
When it comes to leasing and redemption of state or municipal land, it is important to remember that the law provides for the restriction of land plots issued to the ownership of one person. In the event that the financial condition of the citizen is taken into account, it must be remembered that the land will be sold at the cadastral value, which is practically compared with the market value. What does it mean? Land IZHS transferred to the property is considered the most valuable, therefore, its cost is high, and the owner can make a purchase and sale at the price that he sets.
How is the sale
If the local government has free land, then it has the right to arrange tenders to sell land. The media publishes all information about land sales and describes all their characteristics. All who wish to participate in such tenders can submit an application for the purchase of the site, while making a deposit is considered a prerequisite. The administration has the right to set the price for the start and the amount of step to increase it. The one who agrees to offer the highest cost wins. A purchase and sale agreement is concluded with the owner. It is important to remember that the IZHS site can be purchased not only from the organization, but also from a private person. To complete the transaction, the following documents will be required:
- There must be a description, which describes in detail the plot of individual housing. What does it mean? And this means that all the characteristics must be entered.
- The exact area is indicated.
- The category and type of permitted use are entered.
- The presence or absence of restrictions is indicated.
- The document contains the value of the transaction and the procedure for its transfer to ownership.
Along with the purchase of land, the owner will have to receive all the necessary documents, for example, a cadastral passport and other documents of title. You can become a full owner only after the buyer registers his rights in Rosreestr.
How should development be carried out?
It should be noted that all the rules of individual housing construction are specified in the laws, there are rules for the planning of territories. The main condition is the preservation of red lines, that is, in no case should you go beyond the boundaries that are allocated for development. As a rule, roads, driveways and public areas may be located behind these lines. From the border to the house itself, the distance should be more than five meters. Often allocated land is allocated with the calculation for large settlements IZHS. What does it mean? And this means that such a reserve is suitable for the construction of various construction projects, on the site you can set up a garden with a garden. The basic rule is to approve the construction project in advance, even before any construction work will be carried out. The ban may apply only to commercial construction, as land for individual housing construction is not allocated.
If the owner will poorly fulfill all the requirements and build illegal buildings on the site that are not included in the project, then these buildings will be required to demolish it.
How to register a house
When the building permit is received and the construction of the facility is completed, you should immediately contact the administration. Based on the fact that the citizen will apply, he will be compensated for the payment of the commission, which should inspect the house and compliance with his project. If the commission confirms that everything is in order, then the house is registered with the cadastre, which means that the land IZHS acquired its full owner. It should be borne in mind that some rules have changed in 2019, now it is also necessary to submit documents for registering property and register your ownership right. To register a house you will need the following documents:
- Application for registration and registration.
- Floor plan.
- The act is that it is put into operation.
- Documents on the right of ownership.
It is important to remember that when the land is not purchased, but simply provided for construction, the development must be started no later than within three years, or the land will be withdrawn.
Nuances to consider when auctioning
You need to understand the value of the IZHS plot that a purchase site represents, which means that the future owner will not overpay at the auction during the acquisition of such property, since he has already managed to evaluate all the advantages and disadvantages of the plot. The intricacies of trading should also be understood at a sufficient level, since there are their own characteristics. For example, few people know that bidding is possible only if there are at least two bidders, in any other case an auction does not make sense. Bidders must submit applications in advance and register, by law, a period of time is given at least five days before bidding. Not only Russian citizens, but also foreigners can become participants in the auction, even if they do not have citizenship.
In addition, there are times when a participant is denied participation in the auction, for example, he may not provide a deposit or may not collect all the documents that are required. The entire auction must be recorded in a special protocol, one copy of which is transferred to the winner. As you can see, it is important not only to know what IZHS means, and how to use the site, but also how to get it. The protocol contains important information:
- Be sure to indicate the registration number of the site, which is put up for sale.
- Cadastral number of the land plot and its main characteristics.
- The proposal that came from the bidder is described, that is, the specific amount that he is willing to pay is entered.
As soon as the auction is over, the losers, the participants who made deposits, will be able to pick them up, and the purchase and sale agreement will be concluded with the winner.
Features of the building
Having determined exactly what IZHS means, we must carefully study the law, since the placement of objects on the territory of IZHS is prohibited. A prerequisite is considered accounting for the distance between the houses, which must be maintained. Thus, we can conclude that every citizen of the Russian Federation can get the opportunity to become the owner of IHS from the state.
Such lands can be issued on various grounds, for example, there are beneficiaries who receive a plot free of charge, and there is also that category of owners who have to compete for a place at the auction, having drawn up a sales contract, and some citizens decide to rent the territory with subsequent redemption . In any case, be that as it may, but without knowledge of the norms and laws in this case can not do. It is very important to take into account the rules of construction on individual land plots, this will allow the owner to avoid many troubles in the future. Additionally, it is recommended that you carefully approach the issue of home design and registration in it.