Recently, an increasing number of representatives of the strong half of humanity are faced with infertility. To solve this problem, you need to determine the type of male infertility, and for this it is worth knowing how to prepare for the delivery of a spermogram to a man. How long will this procedure last, how is the material taken, and are there any contraindications to the delivery of seminal fluid.
In what cases do men need to pass seminal fluid?
According to medical statistics, in 40% of cases, the cause of childlessness of a married couple is precisely male infertility. This diagnosis is based on the results of a study of seminal fluid. Many couples who cannot have a baby for a long time undergo a comprehensive test. It is worth noting that a man submits a spermogram as a control diagnosis, even in case of infertility in a woman.
Who should think about how to take a spermogram?
- the spouse has suffered several miscarriages or there have been cases of missed pregnancy in the early stages (in this case, the fault may lie with the man whose sperm mutated and thus fertilized the egg, but this did not lead to a normal pregnancy);
- sperm donors (to be a donor it is important to pass a comprehensive test for the quality of seminal fluid);
- cryopreservation (a man who decided to freeze his genetic material for the future, often this option is chosen by professional military personnel or those who work in toxic and harmful production, since such men are confident that over time they can lose their shape to have a baby);
- a couple does not conceive during sexual intercourse without contraception for six months.
Varieties of infertility in men
If necessary, examination of seminal fluid, men wonder where it is better to take a spermogram. This should happen in a clinic with a good reputation and modern equipment, which can establish not only a diagnosis of infertility, but also its variety.
Classification of male infertility:
- oligozoospermia (oligospermia) - when in 1 ml of seminal fluid there are less than 15 million sperm;
- asthenozoospermia - reduced mobility of male germ cells;
- taratozoospermia is an ideal anatomical structure, but the amount of sperm is reduced;
- aspermia - when the seminal fluid is not released at all;
- azoospermia - seminal fluid in which there are no male germ cells;
- necrospermia - sperm cells do not move at all;
- cryptospermia - in the seminal fluid, individual spermatozoa are detected only after centrifugation, which is necessary for artificial insemination;
- autoimmune conflict - more than half of male germ cells are covered with immune antibodies;
- pyospermia (leukocytospermia) - there are a lot of leukocytes in the seminal fluid, which may indicate the presence of an inflammatory process or varicose veins;
- hematospermia - seminal fluid with blood, which is the cause of vesiculitis.
In some cases, men are immediately diagnosed with several diagnoses and varieties of infertility, for example, oligoastenoteratospermia.
Causes of Male Infertility
The reasons for the lack of male fertility, that is, its ability to conceive, can be a variety of factors. It is important to know not only how to take a spermogram, but also what caused the poor quality of seminal fluid. In more than half of cases, all problems are easily solved.
The reasons for the inability to conceive men can be:
- health status (the presence of many chronic diseases can reduce the quality of seminal fluid);
- environmental impact (work in production with harmful or toxic emissions affects the activity of the man as a whole and affects not only the state of health, but also the man’s ability to conceive);
- lifestyle (most athletes, that is, people who are prone to heavy physical exertion, suffer from infertility);
- diseases of the genital organs (infections and inflammatory processes reduce the possibility of conception);
- decreased protective functions of the body;
- genetic predisposition (many male problems are inherited).
In order to accurately determine the diagnosis, seminal fluid sampling is taken twice and indicators are compared.
Basic rules of preparation
Having decided where to pass the spermogram, according to the reviews of men who went through this procedure, it is important to properly prepare for the collection of material. This is necessary to obtain accurate results and conduct competent and proper therapy in the future.
What does preparation include?
Everything that a man eats is reflected in the qualitative composition of his seminal fluid. At least a week before taking the material, you should abandon junk food, salty, fried and seasoned with many spices. Coffee also slows down the mobility of germ cells, so its use should be moderated or replaced with tea.
First of all, this refers to the rejection of bad habits. Alcohol and nicotine in large quantities affect the genetic information, which is subsequently transmitted to the baby. Many men find it difficult to give up nicotine addiction, so you need to at least reduce the number of cigarettes smoked per day.
It is worth abandoning lovemaking or other ways of self-satisfaction at least three days before taking the material. This can affect not only the quantitative composition of the liquid, but also its quality. To refrain from more than five days is not worth it, as in this case the ejaculate stagnates.
Reception of antibiotics should stop at least three weeks before delivery of material. Before taking a spermogram, they must be completely eliminated from the body. Hormone therapy is also taken for a break, on average, for 30 days. Refusal to take painkillers, psychotropic, anticonvulsants and anti-inflammatory drugs - 10 days before the study.
An exacerbation of a chronic disease or ARVI can affect sperm quality, so you should wait for the healing process or remission.
At high temperatures, sperm die, so you should refuse to visit baths or saunas 2 weeks before the delivery of the material.
She should be a moderate, active lifestyle without strong physical exertion.
Stress, nervous strain, emotional overexcitation can affect the normal functioning and quality of seminal fluid.
Massage of the prostate or scrotum is, of course, good, but not before the delivery of a spermogram. In this case, a large amount of juice can be produced, which leads to liquefaction of seminal fluid. Also taboo on tight swimming trunks and tight underwear.
How is the material taken
Knowing how to take a spermogram, the preparation for which was carried out in advance - the man wonders how the material will be taken. The recommended method is masturbation. The collection of seminal fluid is carried out in a special small plastic cup or in a condom, preferably polyurethane and non-toxic. It is important that the condom for the collection of material is free of spermicidal properties that can affect the quality of germ cells.
For this, each clinic is equipped with a special room, the atmosphere of which is conducive to the relaxation of men.
Is it possible to make a fence of material at home?
Many men are wondering how to take a spermogram at home and is it even possible. Some clinics allow the collection of material at home, and then deliver it to the laboratory. But in this case, you need to know that the delivery of the material takes place within an hour, because when you store the ejaculate longer, it begins to lose its properties, so it is important to start researching it as soon as possible. The temperature regime of storage of seminal fluid (from +25 ° to +36 ° ) is also important, which is responsible for the mobility of germ cells.
The fence is carried out in a sterile container for analysis. It can be purchased at a pharmacy. Overfilling is unacceptable, all material is collected immediately in a sterile container.
How much is it and when to wait for the results?
When determining which spermogram analysis to take, many are interested in the question of cost and when the result will be known. Since the laboratory test is carried out immediately upon receipt of seminal fluid, it is not long to wait for the test results. On average, it takes about two hours, in some cases, and depending on the indicators and their decoding, what the specialist is doing can take up to a day.
As soon as all indicators are examined, a diagnosis is made. For a more accurate result, you will have to repeat the procedure at least twice. This is due to the process of producing seminal fluid and updating germ cells.
The cost of spermograms depends on the pricing policy of the clinic. On average, it is about 2500 rubles.
Spermogram indicators
Semen is a multicomponent mixture, which is tested for different indicators depending on the norm. Before taking the spermogram, according to the reviews of men who went through the procedure, we conclude that it is important to carefully prepare in all directions.
In the analysis of male material, the following indicators are examined:
- the concentration of male germ cells per 1 ml of seminal fluid and the entire volume;
- sperm motility;
- the structure of the sperm to determine the absence of a possible mutation.
Common mistakes
How to take a spermogram? The reviews (after the procedure) say that some men had to undergo an examination more than once. Why so? The most common mistake is to take material into non-sterile containers. Plastic jars may contain toxic impurities, which reduce the quality of sperm even before it enters the laboratory.
When collecting material at home, some bring seminal fluid into a condom, which is not only suitable for transporting sperm, but also for storing it, even if it is medical latex.
Sampling fluid during interrupted intercourse is also not suitable, since in this case it will not be possible to collect the entire amount. Also, such sperm will be mixed with female secretion and cells.
Contraindications
Before taking a spermogram, it is important to familiarize yourself with contraindications. In the process of preparation, some factors can be identified that can affect the quality of sperm, so you need to wait a little while taking the test.
Examination of seminal fluid is not carried out in the following cases:
- inflammatory processes, regardless of the location of dislocation and high body temperature (at high temperature, the germ cells die, in addition, at this time, the man takes drugs that can inhibit the function of sperm);
- exacerbation of chronic ailments;
- antibiotic treatment or hormonal therapy;
- oncology.
Conclusion
Having decided on where it is better to pass a spermogram, and knowing how to prepare for it, it is important to enlist the support of the second half and have a positive attitude. Any stress or bad mood can affect the quality of the seminal fluid. After receiving bad results from the first spermogram, it is also important not to despair. On average, it is necessary to make a sampling of the material twice with an interval of 10 days to establish a more accurate diagnosis.