Russian-made hunting carbines: a review. Russian hunting rifled carbines

What is a carabiner? This is a lightweight rifle equipped with a shortened barrel. Sometimes manufacturers call it some smoothbore guns.

The word "carabiner" appeared due to the French term "carabiner". The product of the same name was invented by the gunsmith Gaspard Zolner.

What are carbines? This can be a special firearm, or models of rifle systems that arm infantrymen: they differ in their smaller mass, length and other details of the device. By purpose, this weapon can be military, hunting, service (police, tactical, etc.). It can also be used for self-defense. By the way, in Russia the use of long - barreled rifles for self-defense is prohibited.

Carbines equipped with an automatic fire mode are called machine guns in Russia. This is a special type of small arms.

And finally, rifles are called small arms, in the barrel of which there are helical rifling, which make the bullet move, rotating around its own axis. As a result, accuracy of fire, range and stability of the trajectory are ensured.

Russian masterpieces

And now let's get acquainted with the list of hunting rifled carbines of Russia:

• Saiga carbines rifled for hunting.
• Long-range hunting carbines.
• Shotguns for hunting.
• TOZ-122 carbines for hunting.
• Rifled weapons (wild boar hunting).
• Carabiner (hunting for large animals).
• Shotguns Remington (rifled, hunting).
• Sauer Shotguns.

Carabiner "Tiger" hunting

Now let's look at the Russian Tiger hunting carbines. This is a great weapon! Izhevsk gunsmiths are engaged in the manufacture of this miracle. It should be noted that Izhmash specialists have long been working on the transformation of military small arms into commercial hunting.

At first, the aforementioned factory was engaged in the manufacture of a Saiga carbine. This product was created on the basis of a fantastic Kalashnikov assault rifle. Further, the production of the Tiger automatic carbine, made for hunting on the basis of the no less popular Dragunov rifle (SVD) , was launched .

So, hunting rifles of the Russian production "Tiger" used for hunting large and medium animals. You can use rifle cartridges the same as in the SVD. For the hunting option, they are marked 7.62X54R, equipped with a semi-shell bullet and have a low cost.

The Tiger carbine demonstrates a high accuracy of fire. This unpretentious device has a small mass. Its total length is 1200 mm, weight without charges is 3.9 kg. With this weapon, you can fire using an open or optical sight. Moreover, for the first case, there is no need to remove the optical sight. Firing range is three hundred meters.

The first model of the Tiger carbine surprised with an impressive number of shortcomings. The weapon set included an army sight PSO-1, which turned out to be completely unsuitable for hunting conditions. The product was equipped with an orthopedic butt, very convenient for athletes and army snipers: it had a cutout for the thumb. So, this butt was completely unsuitable for hunting.

The carabiner pads on the forearm were made of plastic: they creaked in the cold and the shooter could freeze his fingers. The flame arrester was absent, therefore the hunter, shooting at the beast at dusk, was blind as a mole.

It should be noted that Russian-made hunting carbines have always been famous throughout the world. But the Tiger addressed Izhmash with complaints and received. The arms engineers of this famous enterprise had to study them carefully. And they finalized this model of a carbine, creating a universal side mount for hunting optics, including for a night vision sight, adapted for installation. To reduce flash and recoil at the time of the shot, the carbine was equipped with a muzzle brake arrester. At the same time, the plant began production of a carbine with wooden plates placed on the barrel and a hunting butt.

Models of the Tiger carbine

In general, many Russian-made hunting carbines not like this model: for comfortable shooting at the Tiger carbine the trigger is slightly moved back. The ability to target this product is expanded by shifting the front sight and adding a comb - thanks to these nuances, aiming is very comfortable.

Today, there are several examples of such a self-loading carbine:

• "Tiger", made under the Russian charge 7.62X54R. The bullet weighs 13.2 g, the muzzle energy is 3600 J, and the initial speed reaches 780 m / s. A detachable magazine can hold five to ten charges.
• "Tiger-308" was created for a foreign charge of 308Win (7.62X51), the bullet of which has a mass of 9.7-11.7 g. The muzzle energy of the product is 3700 J, and the initial speed can reach 800 m / s. A detachable magazine holds ten charges.
• "Tiger-9" is created under the reinforced cartridge 9.2X64 mm. The bullet of this charge weighs 16-19 g, its muzzle energy is 5800 J, the primary speed can reach up to 820 m / s. A detachable magazine holds five charges.

The carbines of all models of this type differ in the following features:

• The product has a traditional wooden hunting butt (birch, beech, walnut), equipped with a rubber shock absorber and a pistol grip.
• The wooden butt (beech, walnut, birch) is equipped with a rubber butt pad. It has a notch for the thumb, called sniper or orthopedic.
• Butt made of impact resistant plastic. Equipped with a “rotary cheek”, necessary for comfortable shooting with optics.
• The weapon is equipped with a pistol grip and a metal tubular butt, which can always be moved to the right. The butt of this product has a “rotary cheek”, necessary for comfortable shooting using optics. The length of such a carbine with a folded butt is less than 260 mm.
• The product is equipped with hunting barrel linings made of wood.
• The weapon has a long cylindrical flame arrester.

By special order, the Tiger carbine of any model can be made with a barrel extended to 620 mm. The set of such a tool includes an oiler, a ramrod and various accessories located in a pencil case.

The customer can also add a case, an optical sight with a bracket and a belt to the kit. You must admit that the hunter has a colossal choice in order to buy exactly the product that he will like.

Carabiner "Elk"

Russian hunting carbines "Los" are Soviet store weapons, which are designed for professional hunting of large and medium animals. They are equipped with a longitudinally moving shutter, which rotates when locked. In the trunk of this product there are four right rifling, the barrel channel is chrome plated. The charge is supplied from a five-round box-shaped, one-piece magazine hidden in a box. The descent is regulated here. The weapon is equipped with open sighting devices, PO4X34 optics are installed on it. The bed is made of lacquered birch wood, has a pistol shape with a ledge under the cheek. A rubber butt pad-shock absorber is attached to the butt.

This product is comfortable in operation and maintenance, incomplete disassembly can be carried out without using a tool.

The following elk carbine models are available:

• In 1962, the Los-1 model was released under a charge of 9X53 mm R. It was made until 1976.
• The Elk-4 model under a charge of 7.62X51 mm A was manufactured in 1977-1991.
• Under the charge of 7.62X51 mm A, the Los-7 model was created.
• A later modification is "Elk-7-1." It is equipped with a removable magazine.
• "Elk-8" is suitable for a charge of 9.3X64 mm Brenneke.
• "Elk-9-1" (KO-9-1) - 9.3X64 mm Brenneke.
• "Elk-9-2" - 7.62X63 mm (30-06).
• "Elk-9-3" - 7X65 mm Brenneke.

By the way, Russian-made hunting carbines are very demanding on ammunition. For example, the Elk carbine uses a Soviet cartridge for hunting 7.62X51 mm A, which cannot be replaced by a 7.62X51 mm NATO cartridge (they differ in power).

Back in the 1990s, a charge of 7.62X51 mm A was discontinued. But in Russia, for shooting from weapons of the times of the USSR, today they produce charges for hunting 7.62X51M (.308Win).

Simonov's carbine (SKS-45)

We will now study hunting rifles of Russian production of SKS. Consider this view on the example of a Simonov carbine (SKS-45). The history of the creation of this self-loading weapon began at a meeting of the members of the People's Commissariat of Arms. The meeting took place on July 15, 1943. It addressed the issue of "On new foreign models of weapons under charge with reduced power."

It should be noted that the meeting participants were interested in the German captured Mkb 42 (H) rifle rifle under a new charge of 7.92X33 mm. This cartridge had less power than a German rifle - 7.92X57 mm. Of course, at a range of 800 m one could fire from it, although the bullet had a mass of 8.2 g and the primary speed was 700 m / s. By the way, the size and weight of this automatic rifle were small, and the density and accuracy of the shots completely satisfied the shooters.

So, Russian-made hunting carbines it was necessary to improve. Therefore, at a meeting of the technical council, they decided to develop a similar weakened cartridge and new small arms for it. The new charge was created very rapidly, and already in 1943 on September 3, the first two models of such a cartridge were presented to the People's Commissariat of Arms. Field tests of the new 7.62X39 mm charge of the 1943 model (57-H-231) began in December of the same year.

At the end of 1944, the Soviet small arms, designed under the new cartridge, received its first model. It was a self-loading carbine created by S. G. Simonov. At the beginning of 1945, small batches of this product were sent to the officer Central Courses "Shot" and to the army. It was there that the military tests of the "novice" were carried out.

Further, reports were received from the army, in which a small mass was noted, the simplicity of the device, and the excellent maneuverability of the carbine. It was indicated that this product is very comfortable in bayonet fighting and shooting. Many Russian-made hunting rifled carbines have flaws, and Simonov’s carbine was no exception. The reports reported that it is sensitive to dirt, and therefore interference occurs during the firing process.

The carbine was finalized only after the end of the war.

"Saiga"

Are you curious about what Russian-made Saiga hunting carbines are? These wonderful products are based on AK. Engineers of the Izhmash plant created an enormous number of various designs of smooth-bore weapons of 410th, 12th and 20th caliber. They also developed rifled weapons for charges of 7.62X51, 7.62X39, 5.56X45 and 5.45X39 mm, as well as 9X19 "Parabellum" (.22 Long Rifle). The employees of this enterprise also produced small unique batches under Soviet deficit charges of 5.6X39 and 9X53 mm R.

It should be noted that the first in the series was made carbine "Saiga-5.6" under a charge of 5.6X39 in 1974.

Hunting carbines "Saiga" with a smooth barrel

Russian hunting carbines can be smoothbore. These are self-loading smoothbore guns made in hunting-sporting, hunting-fishing, special service, combined or tactical version. They can be produced under a charge of 18.5, 10.2 and 15.6 mm.

These products are distinguished by a single marking that describes them.

Such Russian hunting carbines have the following performance features, expressed in three basic versions:

• “Saiga (.410.2 or 20)” without a letter index. This smoothbore self-loading shotgun is equipped with a hunting stock and a forearm made of wood or plastic. The barrel has a length of 680 or 570 (580 for 12K) mm. Sights are also attached above the vent pipe - the rear sight and front sight. By special order, the product can be equipped with an adjustable aiming strip.
• “Saiga (.410, 20 or 12)” with index C is an embodiment of a shotgun with a hunting forend, a plastic folding stock and a firing control handle (identical to an AK assault rifle). The trunk of this product has a length of 680 or 570 (580 for 12C) mm. A fly and a rear sight - sighting devices are placed above the vent pipe . By special order it is possible to place an adjustable aiming strip.
• “Saiga (.410, 12 or 20)” with an index of K is a self-loading shortened gun. This is a "smoothbore carbine." The pistol grip, forend and butt of this product are copied from a Kalashnikov assault rifle. The device is equipped with a locking device, thanks to which it is only possible to remove the weapon from the fuse when the butt is folded. The barrel is made 330 mm long. Sighting devices have a hunting or “automatic” look.

Saiga carbines rifled

Consider hunting rifled carbines of Russian production on the example of Saiga carbines. We will understand their markings, which have a single reading.

First written the word "Saiga" or Saiga - the name of the family. Then a hyphen is read through the hyphen, which defines the model of the carbine.

Known indexes:

• If the index is missing, this means that the product is the original version of the carabiner. Its barrel has a length of 520 mm for calibres 7.62X39 and 5.6X39 mm, as well as 555 mm for 7.62X51, 9X53 and 5.56X45 mm. The weapon is equipped with a wooden butt.
• The M index is placed on upgraded versions of the Saiga carbine with the following changes: the barrel is extended to 555 mm in sizes 7.62X39 and .223Rem, the trigger device has a reduced trigger force, the wooden butt is equipped with a rubber butt pad, the caliber 7.62X39 is equipped with a bolt with three stops.
• The indices M1, M2 and M3 mean variations of “Saigi-M”.
• MK index mark the model “Saigi-M”, equipped with a reduced barrel (415 or 336 mm) and a lock that does not allow to open fire with the stock folded.

Do you think that Russian rifled hunting carbines are marked only with an index? Of course not! Further through the hyphen we can read the designation of the caliber. Then, in the case of a special performance, the next index is written, for example: EXP 01 - the police version.

Products of Russia

Well, now we list all the hunting carbines of Russian production? Photo these masterpieces can be found in any subject magazine. So, we read the list of these amazing products:

• Long-range Russian hunting carbines and rifles are weapons that are perfect in many aspects. The device is distinguished by accuracy and impressive range, which earned the respect of hunters.
• Carbines TOZ-122 produces weapons Tula plant. This product is of high quality: its shutter mechanism is very neat, every detail is carefully processed and does not require adjustment after purchase.
• Semi-automatic hunting carbines are more technologically advanced than “boltoviks”, but their technical parameters, unfortunately, are too low.
• Production of a hunting carbine "Mauser" is engaged in Germany. These products are equipped with a highly reliable shutter.
• Small-caliber Russian rifled hunting carbines.
• Carabiners "TOZ 99 04" for hunting.
• Rifled self-loading weapons for shooting large tetrapods.
• Russian semi-automatic carbines are based on the gas exhaust principle.
• Sako hunting carbines are an inexpensive and high-quality weapon. They are released by a very reputable company.

Bolt locks of hunting carbines

Let's now look at the Russian hunting bolt rifles. How do they differ from their brothers? The fact is that they are equipped with a bolt lock that allows you to close and open the bore, reload and manually pull out the spent sleeve.

For the first time such a bolt was equipped with a Draise rifle in 1841. We know that designers are trying to automate everything to the maximum. This archaism - bolt bolt should have sunk into oblivion for a long time. This device is not currently used in small arms automatic weapons. But in hunting carbines bolt locks serve as a guarantee of product reliability.

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