The nervous system in conjunction with the endocrine system ensures the regulation of body functions, controls all the processes occurring in it. It consists of central departments, which include the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral part - nerve fibers and nodes.
Russian scientist I. Pavlov classified the variants of the nervous system in people depending on functional characteristics: the strength and displacement of the processes of excitation and inhibition, as well as their ability to be in balance. These properties are expressed in a particular person by the
speed of reactions, the speed of decision-making, the severity of emotions.
What are the types of human nervous system
There are four of them, and they interestingly correlate with the types of human temperament identified by Hippocrates. Pavlov argued that types of the nervous system to a large extent depend only on innate qualities and change little under the influence of the environment. Now scientists believe differently and say that in addition to hereditary factors, the social environment and upbringing also play a large role.
Consider the types of nervous system in more detail. First of all, they can be divided into two large categories - strong and weak. In this case, the first group has a division into mobile and inert, or motionless.
Strong types of nervous system:
Movable unbalanced. It is characterized by a high strength of nervous processes, excitation in the nervous system of such a person dominates inhibition. His personal qualities are as follows: he has an abundance of vital energy, but he is quick-tempered, difficult to restrain, highly emotional.
Movable balanced. The power of processes is high without one prevailing over the other. The owner of such characteristics of the nervous system is active, lively, well adapted and successfully resists life problems without much damage to the psyche.
As we can see, the mobile types of the nervous system are those whose functional qualities are the ability to quickly switch from excitation to inhibition and in the opposite direction. Their owners can quickly adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Inert balanced. Nervous processes are strong and in equilibrium, but the change in excitation by inhibition and vice versa is slowed down. A person with this type is unemotional, unable to quickly respond to changing conditions. However, it is resistant to the long exhausting effects of adverse factors.
The last type of nervous system - melancholic - is classified as weak. The nervous system is characterized by a predominance of inhibition, a person has passivity, low working capacity and emotionality.
The psyche is unstable to the effects of negative
environmental factors.The great ancient doctor identified four options for temperament: they are nothing more than an external manifestation of the type of functioning of the nervous system. They are presented in the order corresponding to the types considered above:
- choleric (first),
- sanguine (second),
- phlegmatic (third),
- melancholic (fourth).