Blood, urine, or stool tests may not always provide reliable information about the patient’s health status. In such cases, special diagnostic manipulations are prescribed.
Description of procedure
One of them is duodenal sounding, execution technique which requires some preparatory measures.
This procedure is prescribed in the presence of diseases of the gallbladder, as well as the liver.
How is duodenal sounding done? The algorithm for conducting it is to examine the contents of the duodenum. From it, intestinal, gastric and pancreatic juices, as well as the bile mixture, are extracted.
Duodenal sounding, reviews of which are mostly positive, helps to clarify the situation with inflammatory lesions of the gallbladder and diseases of the liver and bile ducts. It can also be used to detect parasites in the body.
Do not use before probing
Before the duodenal sounding takes place, the patient must undergo preparation for this manipulation. About a week before this, certain medications are not recommended:
- choleretic;
- some antispasmodics;
- vasodilator;
- laxatives;
- digestive aids.
Diet and Meals
If duodenal sounding is prescribed, the technique for performing it should be strictly observed. Manipulation is performed on an empty stomach. The last meal should take place the night before, no later than 19:00. It is advisable that dinner be light. It is strictly forbidden to eat foods that can cause rapid gas formation in the intestines. These include:
- potatoes;
- Borodino bread;
- dairy products.
In the evening, the patient is prescribed the drug "Atropine", which you need to take 8 drops. In some cases, it is administered subcutaneously. They also consume warm water, to which 30 g of xylitol is added.
Morning preparation
Duodenal sounding, the algorithm of which begins in the morning, lasts from three to four hours. First of all, the patient should be told the sequence of the procedure. Also explain why it is intended to dispel any doubts that arose about the need for this manipulation.
After this, the patient is placed on a comfortable chair in a probe room with his head bowed. A special tray designed for allocated saliva is given into the hands, and a towel is placed on the chest area.
If a person who will undergo this procedure has dentures, then they must be removed.
Start of procedure
After these preparations, the specialist takes a sterile duodenal probe and moistens its end with water. Having done this, he takes the probe into his right hand at a place that is about fifteen centimeters from the olive. In the left hand is the second end.
Next, the input of the probe begins. An olive is placed in the open oral cavity in the area of the root of the tongue, which the patient, having made a swallowing movement, must advance into the esophagus with the help of a specialist.
So that there is no vomiting reflex, the patient must breathe deeply through the nose. If at this time the breathing process takes place without any obstacles, this is a sign that the duodenal probe has entered the esophagus.
Making swallowing movements, the patient moves the probe deeper and deeper until it reaches the stomach. To find out, a specialist attaches a special syringe. If the vessel is filled with a cloudy liquid, this means that the probe is in place.
There are special marks on the device, which determine where the olive is located. A fourth strip is enough for the stomach. If you need to penetrate deeper, to the seventh risk, then further advancement is carried out in an upright position. It is advisable to walk slowly at this time.
If sounding of the duodenum is required, then the olive must be swallowed to the ninth strip. To make it easier, the patient is placed on a couch on his left side. A small roller is placed under the pelvic area, and a warm heating pad is placed under the ribs.
Duodenal sounding. Execution technique
When the olive is in place, the free end of the probe drops into a jar. She stands on a small table near a tripod at the head of the patient. Tubes are placed there, in which materials for research are collected.
As soon as the release of a clear yellow liquid begins, the end of the probe, which is free, is immediately placed in the first jar. It should collect up to forty milliliters of bile. It takes about half an hour.
When the required amount of fluid in the first test tube has collected, a specialist introduces a 25% solution of magnesium sulfate into the probe. In this case, the drug should be warmed somewhere by forty degrees. Then they clamp with a clamp or knot the free end of the probe and knot it for about ten minutes.
After this time, the free end of the probe is released and lowered into a jar. As soon as the secretion of thick dark olive bile begins, the device is removed from the container and placed in a second test tube. The material for analysis needs about sixty milliliters, it will take another half an hour to collect it.
After this time, the free end of the probe is again placed by a specialist in a jar and, as soon as the secretion of hepatic bile, which has a bright yellow color, begins, it is immediately transferred to the third test tube. You will need to collect approximately twenty milliliters of fluid.
After sounding
When duodenal sounding of the gallbladder ends, the specialist brings the patient into a sitting position, after which he takes out the probe. After that, the researcher is given an antiseptic or water so that it rinses out the oral cavity.
Immediately after the manipulation, the patient is asked about well-being. After that, he is taken to the ward, where he waits for breakfast left in the morning. To move away from the procedure, the patient needs bed rest and complete rest.
Opinion of people
How do patients tolerate duodenal sounding? The reviews of those people who went through it say that the process itself is not as scary as it seems at first glance. In addition, it is a great way to remove excess bile from the body.
Of course, there are small consequences. Magnesium sulfate can lower blood pressure. It also has a laxative effect, causing some loose stools.
Contraindications
As with all manipulations, duodenal sounding, the technique of which is described above, has contraindications. The procedure can not be:
- patients who have bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract;
- with inflammatory processes of the gallbladder;
- with pronounced heart failure;
- with pathologies of the rhinopharynx;
- with a narrowed esophagus;
- in the presence of a stomach ulcer ;
- when hemorrhoidal veins in the esophagus are dilated;
- if complications are observed with diabetes;
- with bronchial asthma;
- in the presence of epilepsy;
- with malformations of the esophagus;
- when the patient is in poor health and it will be difficult for him to endure such a long procedure.
Also, this manipulation is strictly prohibited for children under three years of age, pregnant women and those who breastfeed.
Complications
During the study, complications may occur in the form of:
- esophageal mucosal injuries;
- the occurrence of bleeding;
- vomiting
- profuse salivation.