The construction of the pool is one of the most difficult events in the arrangement of private houses and sports complexes. How well this construction can be implemented depends not only on the qualifications of the working team, but also on the developed project, which the builders will be guided by. The complexity of technical tasks for such objects is due to the need to take into account many factors of operation and the nuances of using various building materials. As a rule, the design and construction of pools is carried out by the same organization, but there are exceptions. Moreover, if we are talking about a small-scale object with a typical design, then it is quite possible to realize the task on our own. The main thing is to have a correct and professionally designed project on hand.
Pool Basics
A typical and simplest model of the pool provides only a bathtub for swimming. Its arrangement may involve the use of waterproofing materials or the implementation of more complex frame solutions with appropriate finishes. The next level of technological implementation provides for more serious schemes for organizing engineering systems in accordance with the requirements of SNiP. The design of pools is regulated by a normative act under the index 2.08.02-89, in which it is noted that, for example, closed year-round facilities should be provided with ventilation and heating systems. For all structures without exception, the installation of a water supply system and a sewer system is assumed. Another thing is that in the project different channel configurations can be calculated depending on the basic requirements for the pool.
Varieties of designs
Construction is practiced in three main structural options. The most durable and reliable is a stationary pool, which is built on a fundamental basis. That is, in his device, materials such as concrete, brick, metal or fiberglass reinforcement, tile coatings, etc. are used. These are capital objects designed for permanent use at the construction site. But more popular is the design of a pool with a prefabricated frame basis. These are structures that are built from the factory set of materials at a previously prepared site. What distinguishes this method of construction? First of all, it is the ease and speed of installation. The frame base is formed from a metal skeleton, which is subsequently finished with high-strength panels. This is followed by insulation design, connecting communications and auxiliary equipment. Such a pool can be dismantled and can change the place of operation. The design of SPA pools is also very popular. Such models can be both prefabricated and stationary, but in both cases they provide for special engineering and technical content. For example, they pre-calculated the possibility of installing hydromassage equipment.
Site Requirements
Since the pool operation site will have high requirements in terms of infrastructure and sanitary standards, the corresponding site capabilities should be calculated in advance. From this point of view, designers have two main tasks - arranging access roads and creating tree and shrub fencing. It should be noted that the design of the pool on the site of a private house can do without separate entrances for transport, and without dense green spaces. In other cases, even before the start of construction work, prepare a thoroughly covered driveway on the site. Tracks can be any depending on the preferences of the user. As for the plantations, they enclose the pool around the perimeter, protecting against air pollution. Typically, conifers are selected for such purposes.
Space-planning calculations
At this stage, the parameters of the baths are determined. In particular, engineers and architects calculate what the depth of the pool will be, the angle of curvature of the bottom, the platform indented from the edge of the bath and the general characteristics of the object. It is important to note that the basic indicators are the length and width of the bathing area. Depending on the scheme for the formation of longitudinal profiles of the basin, a layout plan for the rest of the infrastructure is further prepared. In addition, the norms of designing pools in terms of space-planning work also imply the calculation of the throughput of an object depending on the volume of the bath. At the same time, there are no universal models for drawing up a plan based on these data, since each type of basin has its own requirements. For example, even sports facilities vary significantly in terms of capacity, which also affect the throughput and the operational quality of infrastructure support.
Recommendations for materials
The choice of building materials depends on the type of construction. Obviously, for a stationary pool, more durable and reliable materials should be selected than for prefabricated objects. Nevertheless, there are a number of general recommendations for which it is worth choosing a means of decoration. So, the coating material of benches, bypass paths, walls and the bottom is desirable to choose from models of cladding that can be disinfected and cleaned. The design of the pool is not always focused on the interests of ergonomic properties, but when they do not contradict the basic technical standards, a bias towards ease of use is allowed. Easy-to-clean materials that retain a rigid insulation structure are the best solution for decorating a pool bath. But also do not forget about consumable auxiliary components in the form of a primer, grout and tint. Such masses must also meet the requirements of tightness, moisture resistance and strength.
Engineering design
Maintenance and maintenance of the pool is impossible without proper running water. Designers initially calculated the laying of the pipe infrastructure with the focus on optimizing the function of pumping equipment. In the same part, a sewer system is thought out. In both cases, the possibilities of supplying water and providing flow should be evaluated. Also, the design of ventilation of the pool is carried out if an object of a closed type is being developed, that is, indoors. However, there is no question of directly servicing the bath infrastructure. Ventilation systems with branching channels are already organized in the building itself, according to general technical requirements.
Lighting design
If ventilation is designed only for indoor pools, then lighting is required in all cases. However, an exception may be a prefabricated frame object, installed only in the summer and used during the day. In other projects, both the main light and decorative lighting are organized at the request of the user. Moreover, if the main lighting is more often installed on suspension systems in a ceiling niche, on walls or lampposts, then the lighting can be integrated into the frame structure of the bathtub itself. In terms of the choice of devices themselves, the modern design of the pool is mainly focused on LED sources. First, they are more durable and more reliable in terms of physical strength. Secondly, Led-models provide bright, rich and simply beautiful lighting, which is very important from the point of view of the aesthetic design of the pool.
Equipment arrangement
If you plan to arrange a pool as part of a private home ownership, then you should count on minimal equipment. For example, a mandatory functional component in this case can only be a filtration unit of the appropriate type. Conversely, the design of swimming pools in sports complexes also provides for the installation of plumbing equipment to equip sanitary facilities and locker rooms. The filtration system, which will regulate the quality of the incoming water, is also complicated.
Additional devices
It is important to consider the very nature of the operation of pool baths. Again, in the case of private small objects, it can, in essence, be a water tank for amateur swimming. But professional sports complexes may provide for the integration of jumps, dividing strips with floats, barrage buoys, etc. Recently, the design of private pools is increasingly providing for the possibility of introducing additional devices and appliances, but there are some nuances. The fact is that amateur springboards, entry ladders and the same hydromassage installations have for the most part a universal design, which is quite suitable for typical pool baths.
Conclusion
Of course, design work is only part of the overall pool arrangement. This is followed by a crucial stage in the technical implementation of the developed plan, in which the quality of work operations plays an important role. But even after this, the owner of the object will face other tasks. The fact is that the design, installation of pools and their technological support can not save the user in advance from the hassle of maintaining an organized infrastructure. Manufacturers of the same filtration pumps, flowmeters, and external treatment plants, although they orient their products to automatic operating modes, it is still impossible to completely exclude a person from controlling equipment. The owner is required to carefully monitor the state of the aquatic environment, and directly over the technical support of the pool.