Learning to drive is not so difficult. Comprehensive information is provided at theoretical classes in any driving school. And to learn how to ride correctly will help a practitioner with an instructor. Maneuvering, the beginning of the movement, stopping, signals - all this should be learned before you drive yourself.
General Provisions
Before starting to study the rules of the road, a novice driver must understand the basic provisions. First of all, it is worth learning such concepts as “highway”, “road for cars”, “road”, “driver”, “pedestrian”, “cyclist”, “moped”, “motorcycle”. The information presented in the first section will help to more clearly deal with traffic rules. “Start of movement”, “stop”, “maneuvering”, “speed” - these concepts are less complicated. But the correct definition will also have to be learned. Examination tickets come up with questions regarding the main provisions of the rules.
The responsibilities of the driver are the next things to pay attention to. Before getting behind the wheel, everyone should check the completeness of their vehicle (fire extinguisher, medical kit, warning triangle), as well as the technical condition of the car. Also, the driver should make sure that the following documents are available: a certificate for the right to drive a vehicle of a certain category, an insurance policy, a registration document for a car. Disabled drivers should take a health document with them on a trip. Those who carry goods, passengers, should check the availability of the waybill and the corresponding license.
Signals given by traffic controller and traffic light
At intersections, the maneuvering should be performed correctly first of all. Traffic regulations allocate regulated and unregulated intersections. The first type includes sections of roads, the sequence of traffic on which is determined using a traffic light and traffic controller. These memory signals must learn every novice driver. A traffic light is most often installed in places where traffic is intense. A green signal permits movement on the roadway, yellow or red forbids.
In the event of a traffic light malfunction, the traffic controller may work at the intersection. According to his signals, maneuvering can be carried out on the road. The start of movement is prohibited if the inspector's hand is raised up. If the hands of a traffic police officer are extended, from the side of the sides you can move in the direction straight and to the right. The right hand is stretched forward - from the side of the left side, you can move to a U-turn, straight, left, right.
A faster simulator of traffic signals and traffic control will help the car driving simulator. The program is available in every driving school.
Alarm
If you had to maneuver and eventually stop in places where it is forbidden, you should definitely turn on the emergency light alarm. The same actions must be taken if, in case of insufficient illumination, outside the city, boarding is carried out - disembarkation of passengers, as well as when blinding. An alarm can serve as a warning signal, inform other drivers about the danger on the roadway.
If the car is faulty (the left turn signal does not work, the
brakes or steering
failed ), it must be towed. In this case, the hazard warning lights are also activated. If the emergency gang does not function, you can use the emergency stop sign, which is mounted on the rear of the vehicle.
Maneuvering, the beginning of the movement
Before starting movement, stopping, turning and turning, the driver must inform other motorists of his intentions. For this, direction indicators are used. The signal is turned on in accordance with the direction of travel. Signals must be given in advance so that other participants can respond to the actions of the motorist. It is forbidden to include turns in the event that the actions may not be clear to other drivers.
What to do if the direction indicators do not work? In this case, warning signals are given by hand. A turn to the right - the left hand is bent at the elbow and raised up, a turn to the left - the left hand is extended exactly in the corresponding direction.
Before driving, each driver must check the serviceability of the steering system, brake system, and verify the completeness of the vehicle.
Location of transport on the road
Everyone, driving a car, must move as close to the right side of the road as possible. When can maneuver be carried out? Traffic rules describe cases in which it is allowed to leave the right lane. You can do this when driving around an obstacle, overtaking, turning left or turning. The appropriate lane must be occupied when passing intersections. Turn left - left lane, right - right lane. You can drive directly from any lane, if restrictions are not set by road signs.
Special requirements are put forward for truck drivers weighing more than 3.5 tons. If there are three lanes for driving in one direction, such machines can move no further than the second lane. You can only occupy the third lane if it is necessary for a left turn or a U-turn.
Any vehicles that cannot go faster than 40 km / h should only move in the extreme lane (on the right). The restrictions do not apply when it is necessary to go around an obstacle or turn left.
Movement speed
Statistics indicate that many accidents occur when the driver significantly exceeds the set speed limit. Therefore, the rules provide for certain restrictions. High-speed maneuvering can only be performed by an experienced driver. But in this case too, he must take into account factors such as visibility on the road, safe distance, traction with the coating, etc.
In settlements, each driver, regardless of length of service, must move at a speed not exceeding 60 km / h. Traffic in residential areas - 20 km / h, traffic on motorways - 110 km / h, traffic on roads for cars - 90 km / h. For some vehicles, restrictions may be imposed by technical specifications. In addition, no matter what road the driver is on, if he received the license less than two years ago, he must move at a speed not exceeding 70 km / h.
Overtaking and advancing
Almost every novice driver thinks that road troubles can be avoided due to the low speed. But be that as it may, you still have to overtake other cars, avoid obstacles. And such maneuvering is the most dangerous. Accidents can be avoided if a number of rules are followed. The intention to overtake or avoid an obstacle must be reported to other road users by turning on the left turn signal. This must be done in advance. If there is a vehicle in front or behind that has already turned on the corresponding signal, the maneuver cannot be started.
Before overtaking or advancing, the driver must make sure that it will be safe, and he will be able to arrange oncoming traffic without any problems. To overcome the fear of dangerous maneuvering, a car driving simulator will help.
You can not overtake in the following places: at railway crossings and 100 meters in front of them, at intersections, pedestrian crossings, bridges, overpasses, overpasses. Maneuvering should be postponed if visibility is less than 100 meters in at least one direction.
Stop and parking
Any vehicle can be parked in a designated place marked with the appropriate traffic sign. If not, the car can be parked on the side of the road or at the edge of the carriageway, on the right side. This must be done in such a way that other motorists can freely maneuver. The start of movement must also be carried out in accordance with the rules. Before leaving the parking lot, the driver makes sure that the exit will be safe.
In some sections of the road you can stop at the left edge of the carriageway. This is not prohibited if there is only one lane for traffic in each direction. In this case, there is no tram line in the middle or a solid marking line. On the left you can stop on a one-way road
, regardless of the number of lanes. Before starting the movement, the motorist must make sure that this does not create an obstacle for other participants. Be sure to turn on the indicator in the right direction.
Driving through unregulated intersections
According to special rules, it is necessary to drive through intersections if there is no traffic light or traffic controller on them. It is worth paying attention to priority signs. If they are absent, the intersection is considered equivalent. Such areas must be driven by interference on the right. That is, inferior to the one with the vehicle on the right. If the trajectories intersect during oncoming traffic, how should the start of movement be implemented? Maneuvering rules indicate that in this case the one who moves left is inferior.
At any intersection, operational vehicles that drive with the siren on, as well as a red or blue flashing light, have an advantage. If such identification marks are absent, there is no need to give way to the ambulance, police, fire service.
Driving on motorways and roads for cars
A motorway is a road moving along which a car driver can reach speeds of up to 110 km / h. In this case, a number of rules must be observed. You can only stand in designated areas. Only a forced stop is allowed, which may be associated with a car breakdown, the state of health of passengers or the driver. In this case, it is necessary to mark the car (sign or alarm).
There are also restrictions on the minimum speed when driving on a motorway. Vehicles that have a speed of less than 40 km / h cannot travel on such sections of roads. In this case, any cars should move as close to the right edge as possible. Freight vehicles weighing more than 3.5 tons must not go into the third lane.
The road for cars marked with the corresponding sign has the same restrictions. The difference is only in the maximum permissible speed (90 km / h).
Lighting and sound signals
Regardless of the illumination of the road, provided there is insufficient visibility, as well as in the dark, each driver must turn on the dipped or main beam, headlights, parking lights, license plate light before driving off the car. The car should be visible on the road. At the same time, it is forbidden to obstruct other road users. It is necessary to switch the high beam to the low beam 250 meters before the approaching car. This will help to avoid blinding the oncoming driver.
In the village, an audio signal should be given only if it is necessary to prevent accident. Outside the city, the signal can be used to warn of an intention to overtake or bypass.
Transportation of people and goods
In the presence of passengers or cargo, maneuvering with a vehicle is much more complicated. It will be possible to simplify driving if you follow a number of rules. It is worth remembering that transportation should be carried out in accordance with the technical characteristics of the vehicle. The curb weight of the vehicle must not exceed the maximum permissible value.
Limitations
If the cargo extends outside the vehicle by 1 meter in length and 0.4 meter in width, it must be indicated by white-red flags, and at night or with insufficient visibility - reflectors. The transport of dangerous goods is agreed with the traffic police.