Recently, doctors are increasingly sounding the alarm: myocardial infarction is younger. Now he can happen to a forty- and even thirty-year-old man. How to recognize it and what needs to be done before the ambulance arrives?
Before you know how to properly carry out pre-medical care, you should determine what kind of disease. First of all, it is associated with damage to the heart muscle, there is necrosis in this area due to a violation of blood supply. In most cases, this is due to atherosclerotic disorder of the arteries that feed the main human organ. The acute phase usually lasts from two hours to a day. It is during this period that the maximum mortality rate from this pathology falls. At the same time, in the same phase, both pre-medical care performed on time and medical measures that should be aimed at limiting the infarction zone and providing preventive actions against sudden death are most effective.
Heart attack symptoms
Pain in the heart is an important sign of the development of the disease. The nature of these sensations: pressing, burning, compressing, tearing. Patients say that it hurts in the region of the heart or behind the sternum. Often given to the left shoulder or arm, discomfort under the shoulder blade, in the neck or in the lower jaw may occur. Quite often, older people with nitro discomfort drink nitroglycerin. But in this case, the pain does not go away after taking it. These symptoms can also occur with angina pectoris, however, with the described disease they are more pronounced and intense.
First aid first aid
- The patient should be conveniently placed on the couch or armchair. If he does not want to lie, do not insist on it. This is due to the fact that patients, with the beginning manifestations of heart failure, begin to subconsciously choose the optimal body position for themselves.
- Give nitroglycerin under the tongue. However, you should be careful, since this medicine has contraindications. It, for example, should not be drunk if the pressure is below 90 mm Hg. Art., with head injury and cerebrovascular accident, etc. e. You can give it often enough until the pain goes away, but no more than three tablets at a time. When providing first aid, it is worth considering that nitroglycerin begins to act after one or three minutes, but sometimes causes severe headache.
- Pour a basin with hot water and lower your legs there. Place harnesses on them, but notvery tightly. This must be done in order to reduce the return of blood to the heart, thereby partially unloading it. It is also advisable to open the window so that the patient has access to fresh air with suspected myocardial infarction.
- First aid is needed especially if the arrival of doctors is delayed. In this case, an injection of pain medication should be given . However, first aid in this case is possible only with the use of drugs that do not cause allergies in the patient. Can come, including analgin.
- You can give a sedative. But it is worth remembering that it can enhance the effect of pain medications.
- In the provision of first aid, it is worth including pressure and pulse measurements every five minutes. If the heart rate is elevated, then 25 mg of atenol will help avoid arrhythmias.
Remember that the life of a loved one may depend on your correct actions in a critical situation.