To answer the question, which rivers belong to the basin of the Atlantic Ocean, you can list a huge number of rivers in Europe, Russia and North America. But since this is too long a list, we will indicate only water flows flowing through our country.
The rivers of the Atlantic Ocean basin in Russia are also very numerous, there are more than 3 dozen of them. Most have a small volume of flow, and among significant water arteries can be called such as the Kuban, Don and Neva. Further in the article we will tell which rivers belong to the Atlantic Ocean basin of the largest in Russia, and give their detailed description.
The mighty river Don
If you look at the map of Eurasia, you can easily answer the question of which river belongs to the basin of the Atlantic Ocean, and at the same time is the largest among the others.
Don originates in the Tula region, in the northern part of the vast Central Russian Upland. For a long time, the question of the source of this mighty river remained open. Some geographers believed that the river originates in Lake Ivan, while others - in the Novomoskovsk reservoir. Currently, researchers have concluded that the source of the Don is the Urvanka River, which flows near Novomoskovsk.
The river crosses the territory of twelve Russian regions (Kursk, Belgorod, Oryol, Tula, Ryazan, Tambov, Penza, Saratov, Volgograd, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Rostov regions) as well as three Ukrainian (Kharkov, Donetsk, Lugansk regions).
general characteristics
The length of the river is about 1,870 km and the basin area is 420,000 km². The Don crosses the steppe and forest-steppe zones, and the nature of its course almost throughout its entire length is slow and unhurried, very winding.
About 5200 small rivers, as well as a huge number of streams, flow into this waterway. Among the main tributaries, one can name such rivers of the Atlantic Ocean basin as Seversky Donets, Voronezh, Silent and Fast Pines, Manych, Aksay, Nepryadva, Ursa Major, Black Kalitva, Beautiful Sword, Bityug, Chir, Ilovlya, Osered, Sal, etc.
Don flows into the Sea of Azov in the Taganrog Bay region. The Sea of Azov, in turn, through the Black and Mediterranean Sea, through the straits, flows into the Atlantic Ocean.
The right bank of the Don, composed mainly of rocky and chalk deposits, is steep and steep. The left bank, on the contrary, is gentle and flat. The left part of the river basin has a large number of lakes, as well as wetlands. Forests are mainly broad-leaved, coniferous or mixed. In the steppe zone - meadow grasses.
River sections
Don is divided into three main sections - Upper, Middle and Lower. The upper part extends from the source to the mouth of the Silent Pine. In this place, the fastest course is observed, rifts and whirlpools occur. The depth of the river is small - up to 1.5 m, but there are also deeper places. In this part, three large right tributaries (Pine, Beautiful Swords, Nepryadva) and one left (Voronezh) flow into the Don.
The middle part of the Don continues right up to the Tsimlyanskoe reservoir. Here the flow is slower, the average depth is about 1.5 m. In the deepest places, it reaches 15 m. In this zone, two large right tributaries (Chernaya Kalitva and Bogucharka) and four left tributaries (Bityug, Medveditsa, Khopyer, Ilovlya ) The eighty-kilometer Volga-Don canal is located here, connecting two large Russian rivers.
The lower part of the Don is the deepest. The depth of the whirlpools here reaches 17 m. After the city of Rostov-on-Don, a river delta begins. In this part, it is divided into many ducts. The largest of them are Seversky Donets (right side), as well as Sal, Manych (left side). Immediately Don flows into the Sea of Azov.
Water regime, ichthyofauna
The food of the river is mainly snowy. Snow contribution is about seventy percent, the rest is represented by soil and rain nutrition. The river is covered with ice from the beginning of December to March / beginning of April. In the rest of the year, the Middle and Lower Don are navigable (the total length of the navigable part is about 1.6 thousand km).
The ichthyofauna of the Don is very plentiful. Here, a significant number of fish species are found such as bream, rudd, carp, roach, crucian carp, bleak, pikeperch, sabrefish, pike, burbot, perch, catfish, ide, etc. During spawning, the sterlet visits the river, and before the construction of the reservoir Tsimlyanskoe met even a beluga. There is no industrial capture, and fishing is mainly done by the local population.
Kuban
The Kuban River is born at the confluence of two rapid mountain streams - Uskulan and Ullukan. Its upper reaches feed on the glaciers of Elbrus. The total length of the Kuban is about 0.87 thousand km, and it also flows into the Sea of Azov.
The river bed changes its character from the upper to the lower reaches. In the upper part of the Kuban is a typical mountain river, with all its attributes - rocky gorges, steep, sometimes steep slopes, a deep valley, rifts and rapid currents.
After the city of Cherkessk, its character changes, the valley expands, and the course becomes more calm and measured. The slopes become more gentle. In the middle and lower part of the channel of the Kuban is very winding. There are many old women in the river valley. The largest of them is Lake Stara Kuban.
A hundred kilometers from the confluence of the Sea of Azov, the river divides, forming three main branches - the Protok, Cossack Eric and Petrushin Rukav.
Water regime of the Kuban
During the year, the river experiences 7-8 floods, the most abundant of which are spring and summer, with summer floods being more severe than spring ones. This is due to the melting of seasonal snows and glaciers of the Caucasus.
The river flow is about 12-13 cubic kilometers of water per year, and due to the large amount of suspended solids, the river discharges about 4 million tons of sediment into the Sea of Azov per year.
The ice cover of the river is unstable. On average, the time of river ice cover is from one to three months per year, but in warm years it does not freeze.
There is no ice cover, due to the high speed of the current, in the upper part of the river.
Food Kuban consists of rain, glacial and underground sources. Its river system consists of 14 thousand rivers, in the main part it is left-bank tributaries. The largest of them are worth mentioning, thus listing which rivers belong to the Atlantic Ocean basin in Russia, flowing into the Kuban: Bolshoi and Maly Zelenchuk, Teberda, Laba, Urup, Pshish, Belaya, Afips, Psekups (left bank), Mara , Dzheguta, Gorky (right bank).
Neva
If you look at the map of the European North of Russia, it is not difficult to determine which river belongs to the Atlantic Ocean basin and at the same time is the shortest. Neva flows through the territory of two constituent entities of the Russian Federation - through the city of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region. It flows from Lake Ladoga and flows into the Baltic Sea (Gulf of Finland, Neva Bay).
With a relatively short length (only about 74 km), the catchment area of the river is 28 thousand square kilometers, as it is the only one flowing from Lake Ladoga. The total drop is 5.1 m.
The river basin is a complex hydrological network, with a large number of lakes and reservoirs. In total, the drainage area of the Neva includes over 48 thousand rivers and more than 26 thousand lakes. At the same time, 26 tributaries flow directly into the river.
These are also rivers of the Atlantic Ocean basin, the largest of which on the left bank are the Staro-and Novo-Ladozhsky channels, Mga, Izhora, Tosna, Slavyanka, and on the right - the Black River and Okhta. In the delta, it is divided into several channels connected by channels.
With a length of 74 km, the Neva discharge is 78.9 cubic kilometers per year, which introduces it into the ten largest rivers in Europe. The average width is 400-600 m, and the average depth is 8-11 m.
Rivers of the Atlantic Ocean (list)
And now we list all the rivers included in the basin of the Atlantic Ocean:
- Don and tributaries: Seversky Donets, Voronezh, Quiet and Fast Pines, Manych, Aksay, Nepryadva, Ursa Major, Black Kalitva, Beautiful Swords, Bityug, Chir, Ilovlya, Oseredi, Sal.
- Kuban and tributaries: Big and Small Zelenchuk, Teberdya, Laba, Urup, Pshish, Belaya, Afips, Psekups (left bank), Mara, Dzheguta, Gorkaya (right bank).
- Neva and tributaries: Staro-and Novo-Ladozhsky channels, Mga, Izhora, Tosna, Slavyanka, and on the right Black and Okhta.
Telling which rivers belong to the basin of the Atlantic Ocean, in general it can be argued that all of them have mainly snow food. Their course is calm, and for the most part they are quite full-flowing. Although in our country they, by the way, are not the largest, as in Eurasia. The most full-flowing are the rivers of the Arctic Ocean.
Now, we hope that it will not be difficult for you to answer the question of which rivers belong to the Atlantic Ocean basin in Russia.