A separate category in the transport function of blood is the transfer of oxygen obtained by using the respiratory system from the environment to all other cells and tissues for the synthesis of the main macroergic substance - ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
This process is impossible without carriers of vital gas - red blood cells, red cells of a biconcave shape. Their color along with the ability to bind and give oxygen is determined by hemoglobin, a highly differentiated quaternary structure protein, the main component of which is heme iron. Therefore, with blood loss, a deficiency in food of vitamin B12, B9 or the aforementioned metal, all the symptoms of anemia are associated primarily with the loss or lack of hemoglobin synthesis, and determining its amount in the general analysis is the starting point. However, it is important not only its total content, but also the degree of saturation of red blood cells with it. For this, a color indicator is entered into the blood test, the norm of which varies in the range of 0.85 (6) -1.05 in both men and women. It is calculated as the division of the tripled number of hemoglobin in grams by the first three digits of the number of red blood cells.
CPU Feature and Formula
The color indicator of blood is an extremely important category for the differential diagnosis of anemic syndrome, because it can narrow the scope of searches for the initial reason for its appearance. Therefore, if a patient visits a doctor on his own or symptoms such as increasing general weakness, fatigue, dizziness, up to loss of consciousness are revealed during a routine examination or in a hospital, then he will first be given a detailed clinical blood test. It defines not only quantitative (various shaped elements), but also its qualitative characteristics. These include the concentration of hemoglobin, a color indicator of blood, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The first of them judges the presence and degree of anemic syndrome (mild -> 90g / l, medium - 90-70 g / l, severe - <70 g / l), while its norm ranges from 120.0 to 140 , 0 in women and from 130.0 to 160.0 in men.
Interpretation of Results
A color indicator of blood allows you to classify anemia on hypo-, normo- and hyperchromic, and already further go on the primary etiology of the disease. These can be congenital defects in the structure of hemoglobin, iron deficiency, acute or chronic bleeding, damage to the genetic apparatus of red blood cells or their excessive destruction, lack of vitamins, and many others. etc. For example, for the first two reasons mentioned, the color indicator of blood is lowered, for the second, it is within the normal range or changes insignificantly, and for the last, it is even increased. This allows doctors to more quickly and efficiently access a real clinical diagnosis of patients and prescribe appropriate treatment in a timely manner. Thus, the color indicator of blood can be safely attributed to one of the main and most important points of laboratory diagnostics.