If you have a burning sensation in the stomach, belching and heartburn, then perhaps this is the result of such a process as the bile flow into the stomach. Erasure and blurry symptoms of this condition leads to late detection and, as a result, not very successful treatment. The injection of bile into the stomach occurs mainly with various disorders in the functioning of the liver and gall bladder caused by the inflammatory process in one or both organs.
For bile, high pH values are characteristic, that is, by its chemical nature it is an alkaline solution, in contrast to the stomach, which is characterized by an acidic environment due to the content of hydrochloric acid. As a result, the injection of bile into the stomach is a traumatic factor for the mucous membrane of the latter.
In the best case, the reflux of bile can be caused by banal overeating on holidays. In this case, due to the large volume of incoming food, it is partially redirected to the duodenum and, stretching the latter, causes reflux or regurgitation of food masses (ejection of bile into the stomach). The food masses coming from the upper parts of the small intestine, as a result of the alkaline reaction, irritate the gastric mucosa, causing its hyperemia and the formation of gastritis.
On the basis of the patient’s complaints alone, it can be difficult to determine the injection of bile into the stomach, the symptoms of which are so scarce and similar to those of almost all diseases of the stomach. The first person you should contact is a gastroenterologist. A competent specialist will prescribe the whole complex of necessary diagnostic procedures. It is necessary to begin with an examination of the gallbladder and its ducts, then an examination of the liver is performed. In addition, they conduct a study of the composition of bile, as well as a general blood test. The main way to examine these internal organs is ultrasound, the results of which are the conclusion about the presence or absence of dilated bile ducts (the thickness of the passable part of the latter), as well as echogenic homogeneity of the liver structure.
Among the pathological causes that can cause bile to be thrown into the stomach, it is worth noting various inflammatory lesions of the liver and gall bladder, as well as violations in the patency (obstruction or obstruction) of the bile ducts.
Another reason for the development of duodeno-gastric reflux may be a violation of the sphincter between the stomach and duodenum.
The injection of bile into the stomach is accompanied by the following symptoms: burning and pain in the epigastric region, belching and heartburn with an acidic taste.
One of the most serious pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract that can cause similar symptoms and is accompanied by a similar clinical picture is peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum.
Among the diagnostic procedures, it is worth highlighting the most informative - fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS) or esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EFGDS). In addition, ultrasound of the abdominal organs is also popular. Undoubtedly, the appointment of a general blood test (as well as a biochemical one, with the aim of detecting free and bound bilirubin in serum), a coprogram, and a general urinalysis are also significant.
Speaking about treatment, it is worth paying special attention to nutrition, which for any diseases of the digestive tract should be regular and fractional, with a multiplicity of meals at least four to five times a day. Among the methods of cooking, you should give preference to steamed, boiled, stewed and baked dishes. Do not abuse alcohol, coffee, chocolate, fatty foods. In addition, it is worth thinking about quitting smoking.